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Remembrance for Victims of Stalinism and Nazism, or Black Ribbon Day, to be
commemorated with dignity and impartiality.
22. Estonia also approached the education of its youth with honesty and a
multicultural perspective. When teaching about the Holocaust, teachers were
expected to include a field trip to a significant commemorative site. Estonia
condemned any behaviour associated with Nazism, racism, xenophobia, racial and
ethnic hatred and any other forms of intolerance.
E.
Kazakhstan
23. The Government provided responses from four ministries: the Ministry of
Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Health and Social
Development and the Ministry of Culture and Sport.
24. The Ministry of Internal Affairs reported that between 2014 and 2015, no
cases were reported regarding the promotion or dissemination of fascist, Nazi and
neo-Nazi ideology, or of other manifestations of racism and racial discrimination.
Furthermore, on 16 September 2014, the Bostandyk district court in th e city of
Almaty designated Adolf Hitler ’s book, Mein Kampf, as extremist literature and
prohibited its importation, publication and distribution in Kazakhstan.
25. The Ministry of Justice referred to article 20 of the Constitution which,
consistent with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,
safeguarded freedom of expression and established the right of each person to freely
receive and disseminate information in any manner consistent with the law. In
addition, article 23, paragraph 1, granted Kazakh citizens the right to freedom of
association.
26. The Ministry also referred to article 5, paragraph 3, which prohibited the
establishment and running of voluntary associations whose aims or actions were
directed at changing the constitutional system by, inter alia, inciting social, racial,
national, religious, class or ethnic discord or creating paramilitary groups not
permitted by legislation. Under article 39 of the Constitution, restrictions may be
placed on human and civil rights and freedoms only through laws and to the extent
necessary to defend the constitutional order and protect public order, human rights
and freedoms and the health and moral integrity of the population. In addition,
article 5 of the Voluntary Associations Act of 31 May 1996 prohibited the
establishment and running of voluntary associations that pursued extremist aims as
well as the creation of paramilitary groups not permitted under Kazakh legislation.
Under the Kazakh Criminal Code, incitement to social, national, e thnic, racial, class
or religious discord was classified as an extremist crime (see Criminal Code,
art. 174; before 2015, see art. 164).
27. The Ministry also highlighted article 400 of the new Criminal Code, which
made it an offence to organize, hold or take part in unlawful meetings, rallies,
marches, protests, demonstrations or other unlawful public events if those actions
caused substantial harm to the rights and legitimate interests of citizens or
organizations or of interests of society or the State which were protected by law.
Under article 155, paragraph 1, of the Criminal Code, for unlawfully preventing a
meeting, rally, march, protest, demonstration or other lawful public event from
being arranged, held or attended or for compelling others to parti cipate in them, the
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