A/57/292 Conference, the 168 participating States endorsed a broad concept of protection of migrants and requested all States to “promote and protect fully and effectively the human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants, in conformity with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and their obligations under international human rights instruments, regardless of the migrants’ immigration status” (A/CONF.189/12, Programme of Action, para. 26). The Special Rapporteur is therefore concerned that certain countries have decided to give priority to the implementation of certain aspects of the Programme of Action of the Conference without taking into account all the points relating to migrants that were agreed on. B. The International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families 31. The Special Rapporteur has also focused, in part, on actively promoting ratification of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. She has worked actively with the members of the Steering Committee of the Global Campaign for Ratification of the Convention and, at the fifty-eighth session of the Commission on Human Rights, she moderated a roundtable meeting on the Convention in which representatives of international agencies, States, national institutions and civil society participated. 32. The Special Rapporteur is greatly encouraged that the Convention will shortly enter into force; only one more ratification is needed. She considers that the Convention is a fundamental element for the protection of the human rights of migrants since it contains a broad vision that includes the migrant’s family and the situation of women and children, and explicitly recognizes the rights of undocumented migrants. Another positive element of the Convention is its broad vision of rights; although it is intended to regulate the rights of workers, it is not limited to the employment context but regulates the entire spectrum of workers’ rights. 33. In view of the fact that the Convention is about to enter into force, the Special Rapporteur intends to collaborate closely with the treaty organ that is to be created pursuant to article 72 of the Convention to monitor its implementation by States Parties. At the same time, she strongly urges States that have not yet ratified the Convention to consider acceding to it. C. The situation of women migrant workers and violence against women migrant workers 34. The Special Rapporteur considers it very important to tackle the issue of violence against women migrant workers as a vulnerable group and recalls that during the World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance it was specifically recognized that discrimination takes many forms. 35. Due to their double marginalization as women and as migrants, women migrant workers may easily find themselves in situations in which they are vulnerable to violence and abuse, both at home and at work (see E/CN.4/1998/74/Add.1). As she pointed out in her first report (E/CN.4/2000/82, para. 56), women migrant workers dominate the informal labour market; they work as domestic, industrial or agricultural workers or in the service sector. The fact that gender roles are traditionally established and that men often do not share the domestic chores, particularly looking after children on a daily basis, makes it even more difficult for women to develop personally and professionally. It is important to point out that the Special Rapporteur notes with deep concern the situation of great vulnerability experienced by women and girls who are ill-treated, harassed and abused by family members to whose care they are entrusted, in the absence of the father and who hope to take advantage of the remittances the latter sends. Often it is the mother who is away and this, too, can lead to situations of vulnerability to sexual abuse, incest on the part of the father and economic exploitation. 36. The Special Rapporteur has also noted that “Both women who have been the victims of trafficking and those who migrate voluntarily may end up in situations of exploitation, violence and abuse. ... The exchange of sexual favours for permission to transit, which is common practice on some frontiers, is also a form of gender-based harassment to which migrant women are often subjected.” (E/CN.4/2000/82, para. 56). 37. During the three years in which she has exercised her mandate, the Special Rapporteur has paid particular 13