E/CN.4/1999/58/Add.1 page 16 acts. Jewish representatives also suggested that the methods developed by Jewish organizations to monitor and report such incidents to local and state authorities serve as a model for other groups and communities facing discrimination, both in the United States and abroad. 44. They also drew attention to the Smith case and said that since the 1990 ruling, the Government in most cases is no longer required to demonstrate a compelling reason for restricting religious exercise. This has led to efforts to adopt the Religious Freedom Restoration Act, which the Supreme Court declared unconstitutional and which is being revised and reviewed by a very broad coalition of religious and faith communities. A related initiative, the Religious Freedom in the Workplace Bill, proposed in the Congress, would address the obligations of individual employers to accommodate religious practice in the workplace more adequately. One Jewish representative noted that the Clinton Administration had announced guidelines to protect religious freedom in the federal workplace and that it supported passage of the Religious Freedom in the Workplace Bill to ensure the same protection in the private sector. It was noted that the focus of the Bill is not on religious discrimination, but rather on the question of how to provide more accommodation to religious obligations of employees in the private sector, including, for example, observance of the Sabbath and other holy days, the right to wear required religious garb, etc. At issue has been the fact that the courts have interpreted narrowly the provision that employers must reasonably accommodate their employees as long as that accommodation does not present undue hardship. A representative of the Justice Department confirmed to the Special Rapporteur that this was the legal situation, while representatives of the Commission on Equal Opportunity in Employment said that a large number of complaints in this area came from the Jewish community, which was more aware of its rights. 45. In addition to this situation, considered very satisfactory by the Jewish community, Jewish representatives stressed very strongly the primary role of the constitutional provisions as well as the numerous remedies available under existing local, state and federal laws. They also noted that the Jewish community had played a pioneering role in American society in initiating interreligious dialogue such as the Catholic/Jewish Educational Enrichment Programme which sends rabbis into 30 Catholic high schools to teach about Judaism, anti-Semitism and the Holocaust, and which sends a Catholic professor to teach about Catholicism and the Catholic community in Jewish day schools. Similarly, there are interfaith dialogues and ongoing programmes with, inter alia, Protestant denominations, as well as an ongoing Jewish-Muslim dialogue, on the national and local levels. The Special Rapporteur was, however, informed by a representative of the Jewish community in Chicago that dialogue with the Nation of Islam was refused so as not to give legitimacy to “religious fanatics”. The Special Rapporteur was also informed about a request - which was refused - by ultra-Orthodox Jews at Yale University to have separate toilets. 3. Other communities in the field of religion or belief 46. In general, it appears that the situation of minority communities in the field of religion and belief is satisfactory. Asian religions, such as Buddhism and Hinduism, are integrated into American society and are even