A/72/287 informed changes in policing practices, making law enforcement officials more professional in their conduct towards racial and ethnic minorities as well as the general population. For example, British law obliges the police in England and Wales to record ethnically disaggregated data on stop-and-search practices. Police forces in some countries are required to issue receipts to persons who have been stopped, which include details of the reason for the stop and the identity both of the person concerned and of the police officer. 96 The municipality of Fuenlabrada, Spain, has developed a similar initiative with the supp ort of the European Commission. 97 The Special Rapporteur encourages such initiatives as they are key in eliminating racial profiling and in improving trust in the police within minority communities. Forms recording police encounters could also provide victims of racial profiling with evidence to be used when seeking remedy. The Speci al Rapporteur also learned that the Legal Aid Society of New York City launched the “Cop Accountability Program”, a database containing information about wrongdoing by local police officers. The database was set up to help public defenders in court hearings regarding the misconduct of police officials. Using such information to monitor the performance of law enforcement agents can reduce their individual discretionary powers by obliging them to rely on objective indicators of suspicion rather than on subjective factors when deciding whom to stop. This good practice has been shown to lead to increased police efficiency. 98 4. Training 79. Various United Nations human rights mechanisms have emphasized the importance of human rights education and training on non-discrimination for law enforcement and other relevant officials involved in combating terrorism. 99 The Special Rapporteur is therefore pleased to note that many States have intensified and expanded such training activities, which encompass general trai ning, training on racist and xenophobic hate speech and crimes and training on specific counter terrorism practices. 80. In Mexico, the Instituto Nelson Mandela was created to carry out training on equality and non-discrimination for the general public and civil servants. 100 Other countries have introduced diversity and cultural sensitivity trainings in various parts of the public sector. 101 Greece issued recommendations to combat rising racist and xenophobic violence, including through improved training of th e police and the judiciary on racist crimes. 102 Similarly, Spain has developed a training project aimed at educating local police and security forces on identifying ra cist and xenophobic incidents. 103 81. The Special Rapporteur was also made aware of different examples of training undertaken by law enforcement agencies to eliminate racial and ethnic profiling carried out by their staff. The federal criminal investigation department of Belgium has two experts on Islam, who provide advice and training to police officers with counter-terrorism responsibilities and encourage them not to rely on stereotypes or __________________ 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 20/23 A/HRC/29/46, para. 62. Ibid. Ibid. See, for example, CERD/C/CHL/CO/19-21, para. 14; Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, general recommendation No. 13 (1993) on the training of law enforcement officials in the protection of human rights; A/64/211, para. 53 (j); A/HRC/35/41/Add.1, para. 112; A/HRC/23/56/Add.2, para. 84; A/HRC/23/56/Add.1, para. 84; A/HRC/32/50/Add.1, para. 71. A/71/301, para. 77. A/HRC/29/46, paras. 56-57. A/HRC/32/50/Add.1, para. 21. A/HRC/23/56/Add.2, para. 24. 17-13397