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employers, who are currently providing migrants with mobility solutions regardless
of State policies.
112. Migration is multidimensional and it is often conceptualized together with
other aspects of globalization. However, those who are most affected by migratio n
are the migrants themselves, who are human beings with inalienable human rights,
which States have committed to respect in the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights and the human rights treaties and international labour conventions to which
they are parties. Thus, migration cannot be conceptualized without human rights,
and any framework for migration governance must duly take into account the
human rights of migrants.
113. Any future model for global migration governance should encompass several
functions, including: standard-setting and normative oversight; capacity-building
and technical assistance; a platform for dialogue, collaboration and political
facilitation; and the development of a knowledge base or capacity through data,
indicators and dissemination. These functions are currently carried out by a wide
range of actors, both inside and outside the United Nations framework.
Integrating the International Organization for Migration into the
United Nations, with a revised mandate
114. IOM already works very closely with the United Nations, including as a
member of the Global Migration Group, and in many countries IOM is part of
United Nations country teams. Integrating IOM into the United Nations would thus
allow the United Nations to benefit from its vast experience and expertise.
115. However, the IOM Constitution does not include a protection mandate. In
order for IOM to be properly integrated into the United Nations, its Constitution
should be revised. IOM should be given an official human rights protection
function, and the United Nations human rights framework should be referred to in
its Constitution. This would allow IOM to measure its policies and practices against
a clear, binding normative framework and ensure that all projects funded by States
and implemented by IOM are negotiated in respect of that framework.
116. As human rights are at the core of migrants’ social, economic and legal
condition, IOM cannot become the leading international organization on migration
unless it has a clearly defined legal human rights protection framework against
which to measure the legitimacy of its policies and practices. The argument put
forward by many, according to which IOM would work with States on migration
policies while the United Nations would address the human rights of migrants,
makes little sense from a human rights perspective: mainstreaming human rights
into migration policies is the only way to achieve the desired result of ensuring that
the human rights of migrants are actually respected, protected and promoted by all.
117. In his 2013 report, the Special Rapporteur recommended that this
constitutional change be operationalized as IOM becomes integrated into the United
Nations. He notes that an agreement between States appears to have been reached
for such integration without this specific constitutional change, and therefore now
proposes that the issue of the updating of the IOM Constitution be included in the
agenda for the 2018 follow-up United Nations conference on migration.
118. In addition, the IOM human rights framework and independence would be
reinforced if predictable core funding were made available. Currently, more than
98 per cent of IOM funding is in the form of voluntary contributions for earmarked
projects. Therefore, donor States have an important role in determini ng the
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