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……..which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or
exercise by women, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and
fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.” The
Convention covers direct and indirect discrimination as well as intentional and unintentional
discrimination.
The Committee can be said to have had a consistent approach to evaluating and monitoring the
disadvantages, obstacles and difficulties minority women face. The CEDAW Committee has
regularly expressed concern about the lack of information on the situation of particularly
disadvantaged groups of women, especially women belonging to ethnic minorities, such as the
Kurds, Turkmens and Assyrians living in Iraq, the Crimean Tartars in Ukraine, women of African
descent in Peru, black women in Uruguay, Roma and Sami women in Finland, Sinti and Roma
women in Germany, some ethnic and religious minority women living in Greece, such as Turks
and Albanians who suffer from multiple forms of discrimination based on sex, ethnic or
religious background and race .
For the Committee, minority women are more vulnerable to discrimination and the Committee
expects information on their situation. Equality by itself does not capture everything and thus
those promoting women’s and minority rights must ensure that these groups receive extra and
specific attention above and beyond equality.
When the report contains no information or inadequate information, questions are even
asked on their situation in the list of issues and questions. On the other hand, the Committee
commends State parties which provide adequate information on the situation of minority
women. For example, it noted with satisfaction the inclusion in the report of Finland, special
information on minority women, and the plans to foster education for equality as a matter of
human right and dignity.
As early as 1995, the Committee has even urged some States parties to conduct regular