A/HRC/4/9 page 9 27. In the United Kingdom, a third of British Indians and British African-Caribbeans, half of British Black Africans and two thirds of British Pakistanis and British Bangladeshis are living in poverty. This compares with less than a quarter of the British population overall living in poverty.3 28. In Namibia, the per capita income in a household where the mother tongue is German is 23 times higher than in a household where the main language is San (an indigenous minority group).4 29. The poverty gap between ethnic minorities and the Kinh majority in Viet Nam is said to be growing. Ethnic minorities are 14 per cent of the population of Viet Nam but constitute 29 per cent of the poorest.5 30. In some member States of the European Union (EU), immigrants and ethnic minorities from non-Western countries (e.g. non-European migrants in Denmark and the Netherlands, Turks in Germany, North Africans in France, Bangladeshis and Pakistanis in the United Kingdom) have labour-market activity rates that are 15 to 40 per cent below that of natives or western migrants. Roma in most EU member States and Travellers in Ireland have particularly low activity rates and are largely excluded from labour market.6 31. The 2000 United States of America census reveals that poverty rates for non-whites were on average much higher than for whites. Whereas non-Hispanic whites had the lowest poverty rate at 8.1 per cent, African Americans had average poverty rates of 24.9 per cent, American Indians and Alaska Natives had average rates of 25.7 per cent and Hispanic or Latinos had average poverty rates of 22.6 per cent.7 32. The manifestations of poverty are not only income-based. Aggregate human development indicators for minorities are similarly consistently lower than for non-minority groups. 3 Lucinda Platt, Parallel Lives: Poverty Among Ethnic Minority Groups in Britain, London: Child Poverty Action Group (CPAG), December 2002. 4 Namibia 2004 Millennium Development Goals, (Windhoek, Namibia: Office of the President, National Planning Commission, August 2004): p. 5. 5 Roger Plant, Indigenous Peoples/Ethnic Minorities and Poverty Reduction Regional Report, (Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2002): p. 32. 6 International Centre for Migration Policy Development, Migrants, Minorities and Employment: Exclusion, Discrimination and Anti-Discrimination in the 15 Member States of the EU (European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia, October 2003): p. 5. 7 Alemayehu Bishaw and John Iceland, Poverty 1999: Census 2000 Brief (Washington: U.S. Census Bureau, May 2003): p. 5 and Table 6.