CCPR/C/123/D/2807/2016 United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Distr.: General 12 December 2022 Original: English Human Rights Committee Views adopted by the Committee under article 5 (4) of the Optional Protocol, concerning communication No. 2807/2016*, **, *** Communication submitted by: Miriana Hebbadj (represented by counsel, Roger Kallas) Alleged victim: The author State party: France Date of communication: 3 March 2016 (initial submission) Document references: Decision taken pursuant to rule 97 of the Committee’s rules of procedure, transmitted to the State party on 14 March 2016 (not issued in document form) Date of adoption of Views: 17 July 2018 Subject matter: Right to freedom of religion; discriminatory treatment of a religion and its followers Procedural issues: Admissibility – examination under another procedure of international investigation or settlement; exhaustion of domestic remedies Substantive issues: Freedom of religion or belief; non-discrimination Articles of the Covenant: 18 and 26 Article of the Optional Protocol: 5 (2) (a) and (b) 1.1 The author of the communication is Miriana Hebbadj, a national of France born in 1974. She claims that the State party has violated her rights under articles 18 and 26 of the * Adopted by the Committee at its 123rd session (2–27 July 2018). ** The following members of the Committee participated in the examination of the communication: Tania María Abdo Rocholl, Yadh Ben Achour, Ilze Brands Kehris, Sarah Cleveland, Ahmed Amin Fathalla, Christof Heyns, Bamariam Koita, Marcia V.J. Kran, Duncan Laki Muhumuza, Mauro Politi, José Manuel Santos Pais, Yuval Shany and Margo Waterval. Pursuant to rule 90 of the Committee’s rules of procedure, Olivier de Frouville did not participate in the examination of the communication. *** A joint opinion by Committee members Ilze Brands Kehris, Sarah Cleveland, Christof Heyns, Marcia V.J. Kran and Yuval Shany (concurring), a joint opinion by Committee members Ilze Brands Kehris and Sarah Cleveland (concurring), an individual opinion by Committee member Yadh Ben Achour (dissenting) and an individual opinion by Committee member José Manuel Santos Pais (dissenting) are annexed to the present Views. The annexes are circulated in the language of submission only. GE.22-28262(E)