The Act of legislation establishing the institution should identify clearly the conditions for and procedure of dismissal of the ombudsperson prior to the end of term. It is crucial that an exhaustive list of grounds for dismissal is specified. Immunities The legislative Act should provide for immunities for the ombudsperson and persons acting on his/her behalf. Appointment of deputy ombudspersons and staff The Act of legislation should set out the procedures for appointment of deputy ombudspersons and staff of the institution. Independence The ombudsman must be, and be perceived to be, independent. Having staff from minority communities can enhance the effectiveness of the institution. Representation can also be ensured by having sub-offices in regions where there are significant numbers of minorities. The staff composition should be representative of the diversity in society. The ombudsman office must offer a multi-disciplinary approach. The ombudsman office needs a recruitment strategy to appoint staff with the requisite skills, including being proactive in relation to persons from minority communities. Links with organizations and universities should be maintained to aid with staff training. Exchanges of staff from relevant intergovernmental organizations, ombudsman institutions or universities is possible, however, conflicts of interest must be considered. The ombudsman institution must enjoy financial independence. The ombudsman institution must follow the contracting rules that apply under domestic law to public bodies. A contract should not be awarded where a conflict of interest exists. PART I KEY ORGANIZATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL ISSUES Integrity A fair appointment and promotion policy will assist in maintaining the integrity of the institution. Moral Standing The minority ombudsman institution needs the trust of minority communities and the wider majority community if it is to be effective. Accountability and transparency The ombudsman institution must be fully accountable and adhere to its formal reporting requirements. The annual report is a good tool to account to parliament and promote the institution. 13