CRC/C/15/Add.112 page 6 21. Although the State party has made significant progress in the area of birth registration, the Committee is of the opinion that greater efforts are needed to ensure that all children are registered, especially those belonging to the most vulnerable groups. The Committee recommends that the State party strengthen its measures to ensure the immediate registration of the birth of all children, especially of those living in rural and remote areas and belonging to indigenous groups. 22. With regard to the State partys initiatives to promote childrens participatory rights, the Committee is of the opinion that these efforts need to be improved and strengthened. In the light of articles 12, 13, 14 and 15 of the Convention, the Committee recommends that further measures be undertaken to promote the participation of children in the family, at school and in other social institutions, as well as to guarantee their effective enjoyment of the fundamental freedoms, including those of opinion, expression and association. 23. Although the Committee notes with appreciation the measures taken by the State party to comply with the Committees recommendation (CRC/C/15/Add.13, para.17), it remains concerned about the persistent number of alleged cases of children who have been detained in extreme conditions which amount to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, and cases of children physically ill-treated by members of the police or the armed forces. The Committee recommends that the State party reinforce its judicial mechanisms to deal effectively with complaints of police brutality, ill-treatment and abuse of children, and that cases of violence and abuse against children be duly investigated in order to avoid the impunity of perpetrators. In this regard, the Committee endorses the recommendations made by the Committee against Torture in May 1997 (A/52/44, paras. 166-170). D.5. Family environment and alternative care 24. While the Committee welcomes the measures taken by the State party to comply with the Committees recommendation (CRC/C/15/Add.13, para. 18), it is still concerned about the insufficient alternative care measures for children deprived of a family environment. The Committee recommends that the State party continue taking the necessary steps to develop alternatives to institutional care of children (e.g. domestic adoption and foster care). The Committee also recommends that the State party reinforce its monitoring and evaluation system to ensure the adequate development of children living in institutions. The Committee encourages the State party to continue taking measures to review periodically the placement and treatment of children, as enshrined in article 25 of the Convention. 25. Although the Committee takes note of the establishment of the National Programme against Domestic Violence, 1999-2000 (PRONAVI), it remains concerned that, as acknowledged in the State partys report, physical and sexual abuse - within and outside the family - is a serious problem in the State party. Concern is also expressed that domestic legislation, at both the federal and state levels, does not explicitly prohibit the use of corporal punishment in schools. In the light of, inter alia, articles 19 and 39 of the Convention, the Committee recommends that the State party continue taking effective measures, including setting up multidisciplinary treatment and rehabilitation programmes, to prevent and combat child abuse and ill-treatment of children within the family, at school and in society at large. It suggests that law enforcement should be strengthened with respect to such crimes, that