to refer complaints falling outside their jurisdiction to the appropriate decisionmaking authority for adjudication. iv. The ability to seek a settlement through an alternative dispute resolution process Human rights institutions should be able to secure a remedy for minority complainants through alternative dispute resolution techniques, such as negotiation, mediation or conciliation, as long as they are compatible with international human rights standards. For instance, a national human rights entity may direct parties to an appropriate resolution once a determination has been made that a violation has occurred. A human rights body could also be involved in negotiations on behalf of a complainant belonging to a national minority with a public institution accused of having breached his or her rights. Alternative dispute resolution mechanisms under the auspices of national human rights institutions can secure a remedy for minority complainants, but they should not preclude litigation in case of non-compliance. 3. States should ensure that when persons belonging to national minorities engage with judicial and national human rights institutions and take part in proceedings, they are able to do so in a language they understand, and preferably in their language, as well as in an environment that is respectful of their identity. In order to build trust with minority communities and provide them with more direct and easier access to justice, States should ensure that they create an environment in judicial and national human rights institutions that is respectful of the identity of national minorities, operates in accordance with existing international standards and is conducive to the effective administration of justice. Central to this is the guarantee that a language that national minorities understand will be used during proceedings. This is a basic standard of due process that is universally applicable in judicial proceedings, and should also be applicable to proceedings conducted by national human rights institutions.22 Indeed, The Oslo 22 18 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1976) article 14; OSCE, Document of the Moscow Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE (1991), article 23.1(ii); and European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (1950) article 6. The Graz Recommendations on Access to Justice and National Minorities