A/HRC/33/61 faced by people of African descent in Switzerland. People of African descent were often stereotyped as being drug dealers and were subject to racial profiling and detention by law enforcement officials because of their background. They were sometimes depicted negatively in the media and in advertisements. Despite their historical contributions, they were relatively invisible. 46. Barryl Biekman of the Dutch NGO Tiye International presented a conceptual framework for an analysis of the Sinterklaas tradition, in particular the figure of Black Pete, and subsequent developments in the country in relation to the practice. She expressed concern at the slow pace of the implementation of the programme of activities of the International Decade, and of combating racial discrimination in general. She said that more work was necessary to combat Afrophobia and suggested that such work focus on developing consensus regarding the conceptual framework for understanding the phenomenon. 47. Participants were also shown a videotaped presentation by the Collective against Islamophobia in France on the topic “Islamophobia: intersectionality of discrimination”. According to the presentation, Muslim people of African descent and females from humble social backgrounds were among the most affected by discrimination. The presentation gave examples of how people were discriminated against in, for example, interactions with law enforcement officials. It was recommended that concrete work be initiated on multiple forms of discrimination and on their intersectionality. V. Conclusions and recommendations 48. The Working Group concluded its eighteenth session on the theme of “Interlinkages between recognition, justice and development” and made the following conclusions and recommendations. 49. The Working Group recorded its appreciation to the United Nations Deputy High Commissioner for Human Rights for her intervention at the eighteenth session. It also thanked Member States and representatives of international organizations and civil society for their active participation. A. Conclusions 50. The Working Group concludes that the promotion and protection of the human rights of people of African descent should be a matter of prioritized concern for States. The interlinkages, interrelationship and interdependence between the three pillars of the International Decade for People of African Descent (recognition, justice and development) are inextricable, and the programme of activities of the International Decade should be seen as a whole and no parts of it neglected or minimized. 51. The Working Group welcomes the achievements of the 2001 World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, including the Durban Declaration and Programme of Action and the political consensus reached on the programme of activities for the implementation of the International Decade. Together, these documents recognize that people of African descent have for centuries been victims of racism and racial discrimination, and provide a strong framework for combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia, Afrophobia and related intolerance faced by people of African descent. 13

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