Capacity build minority community groups, to enable them better to participate in local governance; create awareness on rights and make demands on state actors to enforce laws and deliver justice. 7. Socio-economic deprivations, and the question of discrimination (contained in draft recommendations 13, 18, 19, 22 and 23) Distinguished speakers before me have underlined the need for addressing the root causes of atrocity crimes, and a key one here seems to be long-standing deprivations and discrimination. But again, mere declarations of good intentions does not address the root causes. Drawing lessons again from India, where, although there is no specific hate crime law favouring minorities, there is a law to prevent atrocities against dalits and indigenous tribal communities. But that hasn't prevented continuing discriminations and violence against those communities. Governments claim that development planning takes into account interests of Muslim minorities. But these, as various independent studies have shown, tend to be formulaic, with but modest impact on the lives of minorities. 7.1 My suggestions here, are: i. iii. That going beyond laws against discrimination, state parties be encouraged to adopt laws guaranteeing equal opportunity and treatment, to provide equal life chances to all citizens Create greater awareness about the laws, among minority groups and generally, and build capacity of minority communities to demand action Enable public tracking of development outcomes for minorities, and understanding the processes that result in discrimination and poor results, as a way fonvard to better delivery 8. Finally on specific actions on law enforcement (contained in draft recommendations 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29)