A/HRC/4/32 page 12 that the various economic actors respect indigenous people’s territorial integrity. The absence of concrete measures for protecting their physical and cultural integrity may well lead to their total disappearance. 45. Brazil and Peru have passed specific legislation for the protection of indigenous people living in isolation, and Bolivia recently designated as “off-limits” (zona intangible) an area where the Toroma live. Venezuela has set up health programmes to address the situation of indigenous people in “initial contact”. In Paraguay a policy concerning those peoples, such as the Ayoreo, is being defined. Nevertheless, these actions appear to be inadequate, given the conditions of extreme vulnerability in which isolated peoples live. 46. In November 2006 a seminar was held in Bolivia on peoples living in isolation, with the support of the Government of Bolivia, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, the Confederation of Indigenous Peoples of Bolivia (CIDOB) and the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA), among others. The seminar recommended to States and international organizations that they should proclaim protection of indigenous peoples living in isolation to be a matter of high priority and include it in national and international agendas. Emphasis was also placed on the importance of indigenous participation in the development of specific protection programmes, the fight against impunity for violations of the “no contact” principle, and the establishment of off-limit territories for those peoples. An indigenous working group on the situation in the seven countries of Latin America with isolated populations was set up. 47. Regarding the “no contact” principle, the seminar proposed strengthening the role of the public prosecutors’ offices and ombudsmen in enforcing prohibition of involuntary contact, the imposition of exemplary punishments on anyone who endangers those peoples’ lifestyle and integrity, and the establishment of legal instruments that enable protection measures to be taken rapidly. Another recommendation is that religious missionaries should be prohibited from entering the territories inhabited by these indigenous peoples. 48. The Special Rapporteur recommends that States should undertake to put into effect the necessary mechanisms to protect the lives and integrity of isolated peoples in order to ensure their survival with respect for their human rights. F. Environmental impact 49. Extractive activities, cash crops and unsustainable consumer patterns have generated climate change, widespread pollution and environmental degradation. These phenomena have had a particularly serious impact on indigenous people, whose way of life is closely linked to their traditional relationship with their lands and natural resources, and has become a new form of forced eviction of indigenous peoples from their ancestral territories, while increasing the levels of poverty and disease. 50. The Inuit people have been affected by large-scale thawing in their traditional Arctic territories; this state of affairs was the subject of a recent petition lodged by the Inuit Circumpolar Conference (ICC) with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights against the United States of America, which it alleges to be mainly responsible for increasing global