A/HRC/34/56 Report of the Special Rapporteur in the field of cultural rights Contents Page I. II. III. IV. 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 A. Defining and understanding fundamentalism and extremism ............................................... 3 B. A human rights approach to fundamentalism and extremism ............................................... 6 International legal framework ....................................................................................................... 10 A. Relevant international standards ........................................................................................... 10 B. Analysis of fundamentalism and extremism in the United Nations system .......................... 12 Fundamentalism, extremism and cultural rights............................................................................ 14 A. Freedom of artistic expression and attacks against artists..................................................... 14 B. Attacks against intellectuals and cultural rights defenders ................................................... 15 C. The right to take part in cultural life without discrimination ................................................ 16 D. Attacks against educational institutions, personnel and students .......................................... 19 Conclusions and recommendations ............................................................................................... 20 A. Conclusions .......................................................................................................................... 20 B. Recommendations................................................................................................................. 20