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61. On several occasions, the independent expert was informed by members of ethnic and
religious minorities that they had experienced severe problems in finding employment in the
police service despite having passed the qualifications and that discrimination remains
commonplace within the police force. As a community representative in a Marseilles suburb
noted: “It is hard to convince young people to do competitive examinations when they say ‘show
us the examples of those who have succeeded’ and there are none.” A case filed before HALDE
shortly after the independent expert’s visit focused media attention on issues of discrimination
within the police service. A policeman of Moroccan heritage charged that he was asked racist
questions in his interview for the officers’ competition, such as “Does your wife wear the
veil?”16
62. Some proposed initiatives seeking to counter discrimination on the grounds of name or
address, such as anonymous application forms, continue to be debated and have met with support
in some ministries. A system of urban tax-free zones has also been created and will be extended
by the Government to assist in bringing investment and employers to particular areas of high
unemployment. Of course, relocating industries to ghetto areas must go hand in hand with
requirements or incentives to hire local residents.
63. Some companies are taking the lead in promoting diversity in the workplace through
internal equality and non-discrimination policies. Since October 2004, heads of 60 companies
with operations in France, including Airbus, IBM and Total, have signed a “Charter on
Diversity” to promote non-discrimination, employment opportunities and promotion of
minorities. Lack of statistical data continues to hamper evaluation of progress and the outcome
of this and other initiatives. HALDE notes that it has worked to encourage companies to adopt
more transparent internal staffing and recruitment practices. Practices such as “legacy hiring”
and recruitment based on social networks are commonplace in certain sectors of the French
labour market. By their nature, hiring practices that are not merit-based or transparent work to
exclude minorities.
C. Education
64. The independent expert notes the high priority given to issues of education within France
as well as French legislation and public policy, as demonstrated in the Government’s country
reports to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and the Committee on the
Rights of the Child. However, she remains concerned that a reliance on current approaches to
tackling discrimination issues fails to fully address the specific situations facing families and
children from particular ethnic, religious and linguistic communities.
65. Disproportionate dropout rates were highlighted as a serious issue facing those belonging
to minority communities. The Government has sought to address such issues via training, career
advice and vocational initiatives, in particular via Law No. 2006-396 of 31 March 2006 on equal
16
http://reverso.nouvelobs.com/url/result.asp?url=http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/actualites/
societe/20071206.OBS8586/un_policier_saisit_la_halde_pour_discrimination_au_conc.html
&autotranslate=on&template=General&directions=65544.