E/CN.4/1993/62 page 120 Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief can only be achieved if due account is taken of the underlying complex factors which hamper the enjoyment of these rights, since sectarian and intransigent attitudes may often be linked to socio-economic and other inequalities. The further strengthening of democracy in many countries and the introduction of adjustments in the appropriate legal and constitutional framework can contribute to the creation of a new climate of religious harmony and tolerance. 88. As he has indicated in the report he presented to the Commission on Human Rights at its forty-eighth session, the Special Rapporteur was particularly pleased and encouraged by the number of Governments which, in responding to his questionnaire, expressed their readiness to receive technical and advisory assistance from the United Nations Centre for Human Rights. He invites all Governments which are faced with tensions of a religious nature to avail themselves of these services as they can only serve to strengthen the cooperation which many of them have already developed with United Nations human rights mechanisms. 89. The Special Rapporteur wishes to reiterate the recommendations he has already formulated in his previous reports, namely that States which have not already done so should ratify the relevant international human rights instruments and avail themselves of the machinery already available for monitoring their implementation. States should also continue actively to consider the usefulness of preparing a binding international instrument on the elimination of intolerance and discrimination based on religion or belief, in the light of the recommendations put forth by Mr. Theo van Boven, expert of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities, in his working paper (E/CN.4/Sub.2/1989/32) on the subject. 90. The Special Rapporteur is of the opinion that States ought constantly to monitor the climate which may engender violations of the rights enshrined in the Declaration as well as their own legislation with a view to detecting shortcomings and making the necessary changes by establishing the required constitutional and legal guarantees to protect these rights. Appropriate amendments should be introduced into existing constitutional and legal systems if they are inconsistent with the provisions of the Declaration. 91. States should also be more energetic in introducing effective administrative and judicial remedies available to victims of religious intolerance and discrimination that would be concerned with penalizing incidents arising from those phenomena. Conciliation arrangements and other mechanisms dealing with disputes arising from acts of religious intolerance ought to also be envisaged. In view of the fact that impunity contributes significantly to the persistence of human rights violations, national institutions to promote tolerance in matters of religion and belief should also be created. 92. The Special Rapporteur would like to reiterate the importance of disseminating the principles contained in the Declaration among lawmakers, judges, lawyers and civil servants in order to enable them actively to