CCPR/C/135/D/3624/2019 United Nations International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Distr.: General 18 September 2023 Original: English Human Rights Committee Views adopted by the Committee under article 5 (4) of the Optional Protocol, concerning communication No. 3624/2019*, **, *** Communication submitted by: Daniel Billy and others (represented by counsel, ClientEarth) Alleged victims: The authors and six of their children State party: Australia Date of communication: 13 May 2019 (initial submission) Document reference: Decision taken pursuant to rule 92 of the Committee’s rules of procedure, transmitted to the State party on 18 June 2019 (not issued in document form) Date of adoption of Views: 21 July 2022 Subject matter: Failure to take mitigation and adaptation measures to combat the effects of climate change Procedural issues: Admissibility: incompatibility; manifestly illfounded; ratione materiae; victim status Substantive issues: Arbitrary/unlawful interference; children’s rights; effective remedy; family rights; home; Indigenous Peoples; minorities’ right to enjoy own culture; privacy; right to life Articles of the Covenant: 2, read alone and in conjunction with 6, 17, 24 (1) and 27; 24 (1), read alone and in conjunction with 6, 17 and 27; and 6, 17 and 27, each read alone Articles of the Optional Protocol: 1, 2 and 3 * Adopted by the Committee at its 135th session (27 June–27 July 2022). ** The following members of the Committee participated in the examination of the communication: Tania María Abdo Rocholl, Wafaa Ashraf Moharram Bassim, Yadh Ben Achour, Arif Bulkan, Mahjoub El Haiba, Furuya Shuichi, Carlos Gómez Martínez, Marcia V.J. Kran, Duncan Laki Muhumuza, Photini Pazartzis, Hernán Quezada Cabrera, Vasilka Sancin, José Manuel Santos Pais, Soh Changrok, Kobauyah Tchamdja Kpatcha, Hélène Tigroudja, Imeru Tamerat Yigezu and Gentian Zyberi. *** Individual opinions by Committee members Carlos Gómez Martínez (dissenting), Duncan Laki Muhumuza (dissenting), Hernán Quezada Cabrera (partially dissenting) and Gentian Zyberi (concurring) and a joint opinion by Committee members Arif Bulkan, Marcia V.J. Kran and Vasilka Sancin (partially dissenting) are annexed to the present Views and are circulated in the languages of submission only. GE.23-17887(E)