CERD/C/67/D/30/2003
Page 15
10.2 In relation to the State party’s request that the Committee should reconsider its
decision on admissibility pursuant to Rule 94, paragraph 6, of its Rules of Procedure
in the light of recent legislative changes, the Committee considers that it must review
and assess the communication on the basis of the facts as they transpired at the
material time, irrespective of subsequent changes in the law. Further, the authors have
referred to at least one incident following the recent amendments to the relevant
legislation where the judgment in the Sjolie case was apparently interpreted as a bar to
the prosecution of hate speech.
10.3 The Committee has noted the State party’s submission that it should give due
respect to the consideration of the Sjolie case by the Supreme Court, which conducted
a thorough and exhaustive analysis; and that States should be afforded a margin of
appreciation in balancing their obligations under the Convention with the duty to
protect the right to freedom of speech. The Committee notes that it has indeed fully
taken account of the Supreme Court’s decision and is mindful of the analysis
contained therein. However, the Committee considers that it has the responsibility to
ensure the coherence of the interpretation of the provisions of article 4 of the
Convention as reflected in its general recommendation No.15.
10.4 At issue in the present case is whether the statements made by Mr. Sjolie,
properly characterized, fall within any of the categories of impugned speech set out in
article 4, and if so, whether those statements are protected by the ‘due regard’
provision as it relates to freedom of speech. In relation to the characterization of the
speech, the Committee does not share the analysis of the majority of the members of
the Supreme Court. Whilst the contents of the speech are objectively absurd, the lack
of logic of particular remarks is not relevant to the assessment of whether or not they
violate article 4. In the course of the speech, Mr. Sjolie stated that his ‘people and
country are being plundered and destroyed by Jews, who suck our country empty of
wealth and replace it with immoral and un-Norwegian thoughts’. He then refers not
only to Rudolf Hess, in whose commemoration the speech was made, but also to
Adolf Hitler and their principles; he states that his group will ‘follow in their footsteps
and fight for what (we) believe in’. The Committee considers these statements to
contain ideas based on racial superiority or hatred; the deference to Hitler and his
principles and ‘footsteps’ must in the Committee’s view be taken as incitement at
least to racial discrimination, if not to violence.
10.5 As to whether these statements are protected by the ‘due regard’ clause
contained in article 4, the Committee notes that the principle of freedom of speech has
been afforded a lower level of protection in cases of racist and hate speech dealt with
by other international bodies, and that the Committee’s own General recommendation
No 15 clearly states that the prohibition of all ideas based upon racial superiority or
hatred is compatible with the right to freedom of opinion and expression. 20 The
Committee notes that the ‘due regard’ clause relates generally to all principles
embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, not only freedom of speech.
Thus, to give the right to freedom of speech a more limited role in the context of
article 4 does not deprive the due regard clause of significant meaning, all the more so
since all international instruments that guarantee freedom of expression provide for
the possibility, under certain circumstances, of limiting the exercise of this right.. The
20
See paragraph 4.