A/RES/64/146 31. Expresses deep concern that, despite the recognition of children as rights holders entitled to be heard on all matters affecting them, children are seldom seriously consulted and involved in such matters owing to a variety of constraints and impediments and that the full implementation of this right in many parts of the world has yet to be fully realized; 32. Recognizes that the full enjoyment of the right of the child to be heard and to participate requires adults to adopt an appropriate child-centred attitude, listening to children and respecting their rights and individual points of view; 33. Calls upon all States: (a) To assure that children are given the opportunity to be heard on all matters affecting them, without discrimination on any grounds, by adopting and/or continuing to implement regulations and arrangements that provide for and encourage, as appropriate, the participation of children in all settings, including within the family, in school and in their communities, and that are firmly anchored in laws and institutional codes and are regularly evaluated with regard to their effectiveness; (b) To designate, establish or strengthen relevant governmental structures for children, including, where appropriate, ministers in charge of children’s issues and independent ombudspersons for children, have mechanisms in place for allowing and promoting the involvement and participation of children in the formulation and implementation of public policies, in particular those designed to meet national goals and targets for children and adolescents, and ensure adequate and systematic training in the rights of the child for professional groups working with and for children; (c) To involve children, as appropriate, in the planning, design, implementation and evaluation of the national plans of action set out in the document entitled “A world fit for children”5 that relate to the rights of the child, in recognition of the role of the child as a core stakeholder in the process; 5H (d) To develop policies and effective mechanisms at the local and national levels to enable children to be heard and to participate safely and meaningfully in the monitoring and reporting processes related to the implementation of the Convention; (e) To provide support to children and adolescents to enable them to form and register their own associations and other child- and adolescent-led initiatives, in conformity with national and international law; (f) To ensure that funding for the participation of children is considered in resource allocation and that policies and programmes to facilitate the participation of children are institutionalized and fully implemented; (g) To ensure the equal participation of girls, including adolescents, on the basis of non-discrimination and in partnership with boys, including adolescents, in the development of strategies and the implementation of action aimed at achieving gender equality, development, non-violence and peace; (h) To support the integration, in a systematic manner, of the participation and safe and meaningful involvement of children in United Nations activities and processes that are related to the promotion and protection of the rights of the child; 8