E/2026/43 E/C.19/2026/6 in a holistic understanding of health and contingent upon full implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, including free, prior and informed consent as a non‑negotiable standard rooted in self‑determination. 26. The Permanent Forum expresses grave concern at the disproportionate impact of armed conflicts on Indigenous Peoples’ health, including documented cases of threats to the health and lives of Indigenous Peoples by military occupation, military activities and the conscription of Indigenous Peoples into armed forces. Recommendations for Member States 27. The Permanent Forum urges Member States to support and resource the drafting of the WHO Global Plan of Action on the Health of Indigenous Peoples (2027–2040), which must be grounded in self-determination and free, prior and informed consent, ensuring that national implementation measures uphold Indigenous Peoples’ rights, pursuant to the Declaration. 28. Recalling the report of its twenty-fourth session, the Permanent Forum urges Member States and WHO to adopt and implement a rights-based approach to health, grounded in the Indigenous determinants of health, as the foundation of national health policies, the Global Plan of Action and all related programming, technical guidance and resource allocation, and, by 2028, to develop and adequately resource Indigenous‑led national action plans on Indigenous health and to invest in Indigenous led health systems and in the governance and delivery of health services, in full partnership with Indigenous Peoples. 29. The Permanent Forum calls on Member States, by 2027, to implement ethnicity‑disaggregated data collection based on Indigenous self‑identification, eliminate residual classifications such as “other” in national health, vital statistics and sexual and reproductive health data systems, and report on progress through national statistical offices in partnership with Indigenous Peoples. It also calls on UNFPA and WHO to develop jointly with Indigenous Peoples, by 2027, technical guidance on ethnicity‑disaggregated sexual and reproductive health indicators for national and regional adaptation. 30. The Permanent Forum urges Member States, by 2027, to formally recognize Indigenous Peoples’ languages as a determinant of health and, by 2028, to allocate dedicated resources for the translation of national health policies and health‑related consent documentation into Indigenous Peoples’ languages, and to support the development in Indigenous Peoples’ languages of medical training and health education pathways, in partnership with Indigenous Peoples. 31. The Permanent Forum urges Member States, by 2028, to design and implement targeted social protection and occupational health measures for Indigenous Peoples engaged in traditional livelihoods under extreme climatic conditions, including early or flexible retirement options, regular health screening and preventive care, co‑developed with Indigenous Peoples and implemented with their free, prior and informed consent. 32. The Permanent Forum calls upon Canada to substantially expand alternatives to detention, including community-based sentencing, restorative justice programmes and adequately funded, independently operated Indigenous healing lodges, ensuring that such alternatives are resourced at parity with conventional custodial institutions. 33. The Permanent Forum calls upon Member States to uphold their obligations under international treaties with Indigenous Peoples. The Forum further calls upon New Zealand to recommit to Te Tiriti o Waitangi (Treaty of Waitangi) and to align all policies with the Declaration, restoring Māori leadership in health and social policy. 8/24 26-06676