A/RES/59/221 insufficient or no manufacturing capacity in the pharmaceutical sector in accessing medicines at affordable prices when combating serious public health problems afflicting many developing and least developed countries, especially those resulting from HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other epidemics, and, as agreed by the World Trade Organization Council for Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights on 16 June 2004, to expeditiously establish a permanent solution by amending the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights on the basis of the recommendations by the Council to be presented by March 2005; 12. Invites the World Intellectual Property Organization to continue further its development activities and to continue to cooperate with relevant international organizations; 13. Stresses that the adoption or enforcement of any measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health should not be applied in a manner that would constitute arbitrary or unjustified discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade, while recognizing the rights of members of the World Trade Organization to determine their own appropriate level of sanitary and phyto-sanitary protection in accordance with World Trade Organization rules, and recognizes the need to facilitate the increased participation of the developing countries in the work of relevant international standard-setting organizations as well as the importance of providing financial and technical assistance and capacity-building efforts to enable them to respond adequately to the introduction of any new measures; 14. Emphasizes that issues related to trade, debt and finance and transfer of technology duly covered in the Doha work programme should be addressed as a high priority in accordance with the Doha work programme and the World Trade Organization General Council decision of 1 August 2004; 15. Recalls the commitment of the members of the World Trade Organization, in line with the Doha mandates, to progress in the areas of rules, trade and environment, and trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights, as stated in the World Trade Organization General Council decision of 1 August 2004; 16. Stresses the importance of an open, transparent, inclusive and democratic process and of procedures for the effective functioning of the multilateral trading system that allow for internal transparency and the effective participation of members, including in the decision-making process, and that enable them to have their vital interests duly reflected in the outcome of trade negotiations; 17. Also stresses the importance of facilitating the accession of all developing countries, in particular the least developed countries, as well as countries with economies in transition, that apply for membership in the World Trade Organization, consistent with its criteria, bearing in mind paragraph 21 of resolution 55/182 and subsequent developments, and calls for the effective and faithful application of the World Trade Organization guidelines on accession of the least developed countries; 18. Invites members of the international community to consider the interests of non-members of the World Trade Organization in the context of trade liberalization; 19. Emphasizes that bilateral and regional trade arrangements should complement the goals of the multilateral trading system, and in this context stresses the importance of clarifying and improving disciplines and procedures under the existing provisions of the World Trade Organization applying to regional trade agreements in accordance with paragraph 29 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration, 6