Moreover, there is no legal framework to prevent employment and workplace discrimination in the private sector. The de facto exclusion of non-Muslims from public employment and the absence of measures against discrimination in the fields of labor and trade create an enormous barrier against the participation of minorities in social and economic life in Turkey. The second issue that I want to elaborate on is related to education. In Turkey, minority schools, including Armenian schools, do not receive public funds. Despite the fact that they do not charge for tuition, they are considered to be private schools and are taxed as if they are for-profit institutions. These schools play a crucial role in the social life of the Armenian community, especially because public schools do not provide education or even elective courses in Armenian. Due to the taxes and lack of public funding, Armenian schools solely depend on donations. Accordingly, they are facing severe financial difficulties, and many of them are being forced to close. This situation not only undermines the right to education but also endangers the Western Armenian language, which is the mother tongue of Armenians living in Turkey. Moreover, Turkish textbooks tend to portray minorities in a negative light, reinforcing negative attitudes towards minorities and promoting hatred. Finally, there are several hindrances to Armenian communal life. These barriers primarily concern freedom of association and the right to property. First, the state accepts that the Armenian Patriarchate is only a symbolic, ceremonial institution which does not have a legal persona. Because of this, the patriarchate is not permitted to own or acquire any properties or accept donations. This severely limits its financial resources and capacity. Additionally, there are numerous property disputes involving Armenian communal organizations, such as foundations, resulting from the confiscation and seizure of their properties. These properties include churches, schools, hospitals, lands, houses and shops. Despite a few symbolic returns in recent years, thousands of cases still need to be resolved. These problems undermine the freedom of association and the right to property. Furthermore, these confiscations and resulting financial difficulties of community organizations affect the range and quality of community services that these institutions provide. These services, which include social assistance, liturgy, education, and health, are crucial for the continuation and protection of Armenian communal life 2