A/67/326 The Programme of Action (para. 145) urges States to implement legal sanctions, in accordance with the relevant international human rights law, in respect of incitement to racial hatred through new information and communications technologies, including the Internet, and further urges them to apply all relevant human rights instruments to which they are parties, in particular the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, to racism on the Internet. Taking fully into account existing international and regional standards on freedom of expression, the Programme of Action also calls upon States to consider the following (para. 147): (a) Encouraging Internet service providers to establish and disseminate specific voluntary codes of conduct and self-regulatory measures against the dissemination of racist messages and those that result in racial discrimination, xenophobia or any form of intolerance and discrimination; to that end, Internet providers are encouraged to set up mediating bodies at national and international levels, involving relevant civil society institutions; (b) Adopting and applying, to the extent possible, appropriate legislation for prosecuting those responsible for incitement to racial hatred or violence through the new information and communications technologies, including the Internet; (c) Addressing the problem of dissemination of racist material through the new information and communications technologies, including the Internet, inter alia, by imparting training to law enforcement authorities; (d) Denouncing and actively discouraging the transmission of racist and xenophobic messages through all communications media, including new information and communications technologies, such as the Internet; (e) Considering a prompt and coordinated international response to the rapidly evolving phenomenon of the dissemination of hate speech and racist material through the new information and communications technologies, including the Internet; and in this context strengthening international cooperation; (f) Encouraging access and use by all people of the Internet as an international and equal forum, aware that there are disparities in use of and access to the Internet; (g) Examining ways in which the positive contribution made by the new information and communications technologies, such as the Internet, can be enhanced through replication of good practices in combating racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance; (h) Encouraging the reflection of the diversity of societies among the personnel of media organizations and the new information and communications technologies, such as the Internet, by promoting adequate representation of different segments within societies at all levels of their organizational structure. 44. A variety of possible players that may be involved in combating racism and incitement to racial hatred and violence on the Internet include Governments and private sector and civil society organizations at the national, regional and international levels. In that regard, the Special Rapporteur would like to emphasize the importance of establishing clear roles and responsibilities of the different actors involved: Internet service providers, Internet companies, law enforcement agencies, non-governmental organizations and independent monitoring and complaint 16 12-46982