E/CN.4/1997/71/Add.1 page 19 12.The Palenqueras are Afro-Colombian women, mostly from the San Basilio palenque , near Cartagena, a territory established in the eighteenth century by Blacks who had escaped from slavery and remained independent until the Republic of Colombia was formed. 13.For further details, see, in the Centre for Human Rights, Humor y en la Telenovela , a study by Eusevio Camacho Hurtado. El Negro en el 14.The file on this sad incident is available for consultation in the Centre for Human Rights. 15.It should be noted that, in decision No. C-139/96 of 9 April 1996, the Colombian Constitutional Court found that the use of the word “savage” violated the Constitution. 16.Office of the President of the Republic, National Department of Planning, Las politicas del salto social, documentos Compes, August 1994 , June 1995, p. 316. 17.Document published by the Sub-Directorate for the Analysis and Development of Information and Education, Matriculas, docentes y establecimientos en la educación en Colombia , General Directorate for Overall Educational Planning, May 1994, pp. 9-11. 18.See Tierra profanada, Grandes proyectos en territorios indigenas de Colombia , op. cit.; John Barnes, “The Colombian Plan Pacífico, Sustaining the Unsustainable”, occasional paper, Catholic Institute for International Relations, London, 1993. 19.For further details, see communication of 9 May 1996 from the Proceso de Comunidades Negras, “Comunidades negras y derechos humans en Colombia” (Black communities and human rights in Colombia). 20.Ricardo Castillo Torres, El Canal Naranjo: Historia de una tragedia socio-ambiental en la cuenca baja del Rio Patia (The Naranjo canal: the story of a social and environmental tragedy in the lower Patia river basin), Cali, 1994. 21.Communication of 1 July 1996 from the Colombian National Indigenous Organization addressed to the Special Rapporteur. 22.Ibid. 23.Communication of 1 July from the Colombian Commission of Jurists addressed to the Special Rapporteur. 24.“Comunidades negras y derechos humanos en Colombia”, communication of 5 July 1996 from the Proceso de Comunidades Negras addressed to the Special Rapporteur.