My name is Khalid Hussain. I am Bihari- Urdu Speaking linguistic minority of Bangladesh and formerly stateless person. I was born in Geneva Camp in Bangladesh without a nationality because both of my parents were stateless socially, culturally and economically subject to marginalization and exclusion, like millions of other stateless people in the world, most of whom belong to minorities like me. Reason behind the stateless was 1947 when India was divided in two countries India and Pakistan. The Urdu speaking Muslim minority of the Indian provinces of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Orisha and West Bengal migrated to the then East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). In 1971, East Pakistan revolted against the rule of West Pakistan and fought a 9months war of liberation, which resulted in the emergence of Bangladesh in 16th December 1971. A small section of the Urdu speaking community played an antiliberation role by siding with the Pakistan army and therefore, at the end of the war Biharis became victims of the situation and were forced to abandon their homes, business, properties and employment. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) built large and small settlements Camps all over in Bangladesh and to provide shelter, food and medical support to the displaced Biharis. These settlements, approximately 116 in number, are commonly known as Bihari camps. Residents were in effect stateless, without identity documents to recognize citizenship in any country. The Bihar community survived by struggling 4 decades without citizenship, without having access to state-guaranteed rights to basic services that include housing, water and sanitation, education, jobs and other livelihoods. But I never gave up. I always knew that I need to fight for my rights, even though citizenship was denied to me. In 2001 we 10 youth from Geneva Camp including me filed a writ petition in High Court and claimed our self as by born Bangladeshi citizens and just after one year 5th May 2003 High court has declared our citizenship. That was the first achievement of ending our statelessness. After getting nationality and voting rights we realized the importance and uses of civil documentation like birth certificate, national identity card and passport.

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