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United Nations Development Programme and the Office of the United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees. Finally, the Special Rapporteur would like to express her gratitude
for the help provided by several individuals in facilitating joint meetings with non-governmental
organizations.
10. In view of the strict word limit of country reports, the Special Rapporteur will not be able
to present a complete and exhaustive picture of the situation of religions and beliefs in the
United Kingdom or to provide a thorough analysis of all questions related to religion or belief.
However, the Special Rapporteur intends to concentrate on selected aspects of the status of
freedom of religion or belief in the United Kingdom. In particular, she will focus on
sectarianism, counter-terrorism measures, religious education and collective worship, religious
symbols, balancing of competing rights, provisions on offences related to religions, the definition
of “religion” or “belief” as well as the vulnerable situation of women, converts, refugees and
asylum-seekers.
I. INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS OBLIGATIONS
11. The Special Rapporteur would like to refer to previous reports2 with regard to the main
international legal standards pertinent to her mandate. These include articles 2, 18, 20, 26 and 27
of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), article 13 of the
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, article 2 of the Convention on
the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, article 5 of the International
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, articles 2, 14 and 30 of
the Convention on the Rights of the Child and article 12 of the International Convention on the
Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW).
12. Apart from the ICRMW, the United Kingdom has ratified the other above-mentioned
human rights treaties. Upon ratification of the ICCPR, the following declaration was made: “The
Government of the United Kingdom interpret article 20 consistently with the rights conferred by
articles 19 and 21 of the Covenant and having legislated in matters of practical concern in the
interests of public order (ordre public) reserve the right not to introduce any further legislation.
The United Kingdom also reserves a similar right in regard to each of its dependent territories.”3
13. Furthermore, the Special Rapporteur is guided by other relevant declarations, resolutions
and guidelines produced by various United Nations bodies, including by the General Assembly,
the Human Rights Committee, the former Commission on Human Rights and the Human Rights
Council. The most important of these instruments for the mandate are articles 2, 18 and 26 of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights as well as the 1981 Declaration on the Elimination of
All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief.
2
See E/CN.4/2005/61, paras. 15-20 and E/CN.4/2006/5, annex, as well as the online digest
of her framework for communications at http://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/religion/
standards.htm.
3
See http://untreaty.un.org/humanrightsconvs/Chapt_IV_4/reservations/UK.pdf.