non-discrimination, then states have obligations, and individuals have a right. [slide 8] When you use the word should, governments have no obligation – it is essentially at their discretion. The recommendations must in my opinion not go backward: we must have recommendations that clearly sets out obligations, that in certain conditions states must or shall provide as far as is possible an appropriate level of education in the language of a minority where they are in substantial numbers. This is what you already find in a number of documents that you have identified here. [slide 9] And that brings me to a difficulty to the more specific recommendation dealing with language and education: it is too timid and leaves the right to