A/HRC/14/43/Add.3 identified as such and therefore not treated as criminals when caught by law enforcement officials. On education 74. Taking into account the fact that education is one of the most efficient tools to create a cohesive, inclusive and tolerant society, where the positive contribution of diversity can be taught, the Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government reconsider its current educational policy, so as to ensure that public educational institutions are de facto open to all children, including to non-nationals. On the legal and institutional framework to fight racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance 75. Due to the United Arab Emirates federal structure and the large measure of independence left to each Emirate, the Special Rapporteur believes that one of the key challenges for the implementation of anti-racism commitments in the United Arab Emirates is to successfully involve the Emirates, where the locus of political power often lies. Despite the commitments on human rights at the federal level, it is at the level of the Emirates that the fight against racism and xenophobia, as well as the effective implementation of anti-discrimination provisions, takes place. The Special Rapporteur therefore believes that it is necessary to ensure that local authorities are aware of federal human rights commitments. He also recommends that all related laws and policies be harmonized in the country, so as to ensure that all individuals are treated in a non-discriminatory manner and offered equal human rights protection in the seven Emirates. 76. In light of general recommendation No. 30 (2004) of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination and of its recent concluding observations (CERD/C/UAE/CO/17, para. 11), the Special Rapporteur recommends that the constitutional provisions restricting certain human rights to Emirati nationals be revised so as to extend human rights protection to all individuals residing in the United Arab Emirates, including non-nationals. 77. As stated by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in its recent concluding observations (CERD/C/UAE/CO/17, para. 12), “racial discrimination or the potential for racial discrimination exists in all societies”. Thus, while taking into account that provisions relating to the principles of equality and non-discrimination do exist in various domestic legislative acts, the Special Rapporteur recommends the Government to adopt a specific legislation on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, which would clearly demonstrate the State’s political commitment in the fight against racism and allow for enhanced visibility and accessibility of the law for civil society, thereby enabling individuals to resort to the relevant provisions in an easier and more effective manner. 78. In order to strengthen the existing institutional human rights framework, the Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government establish a national human rights institution with a robust oversight mandate, including the monitoring of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. Such a national human rights institution may help to contribute to awareness-raising on human rights challenges in the United Arab Emirates. 79. The Special Rapporteur also recommends that the United Arab Emirates accede to core international human rights instruments that contain provisions reaffirming the fundamental human rights principles of non-discrimination and equality. These include the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural 20 GE.10-12576