A/HRC/28/66 individuals or groups. Violent attacks targeting members of groups that face systematic discrimination in the name of religion should be understood as attacks on the entire society. Public messages to that effect, however, can only be credible if they openly address the root causes, including systemic political conditions, which may become enabling factors of violence. Unfortunately, some Governments display a tendency to resort to policies of trivializing violence by ascribing the incidents to just a few irresponsible individuals without acknowledging the broader political dimensions of the issue. Overcoming such trivialization is the sine qua non for designing effective preventative and coping strategies. 46. A major issue in the context of protection against violence in the name of religion is the fight against impunity, wherever it exists. Those who commit, or are complicit in, acts of violence must always be brought to justice. This requires training for law enforcement agencies and the establishment of an efficient and independent judiciary. Moreover, antidiscrimination legislation plays an indispensable role in protecting the equality of all in their enjoyment of human rights, across religious or denominational divides, thus preventing or overcoming divisiveness within society. 47. While the States’ obligation to protect human rights requires them to take effective measures to combat terrorism, the Special Rapporteur would like to reiterate that States must ensure that any measure taken to combat terrorism fully complies with their obligations under international law, particularly human rights, refugee and humanitarian law. In this context, the targeting of specific groups, including members of particular religious communities through so-called religious profiling, is of concern. 11 (c) Obligations to promote 48. Beyond respecting and protecting human rights, States should also take a broad range of positive measures aimed at facilitating their effective implementation. This includes providing an appropriate framework in which other stakeholders, including religious communities, interreligious initiatives, civil society organizations, human rights defenders and media professionals, can unfold their specific potential. 49. Moreover, the State itself should use all available means — including formal and informal education and community outreach — in order to promote a culture of respect, non-discrimination and appreciation of diversity within society. In close consultation with all relevant stakeholders, the State should develop national action plans against violence in the name of religion. A useful document in this context is the Rabat Plan of Action on the prohibition of advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence.12 The Rabat Plan of Action, elaborated with broad participation by experts, Member States and civil society organizations under the auspices of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, can provide guidance on how to build resilience in society against incitement to religious hatred and concomitant acts of violence. Building resilience requires a broad range of activities, including educational efforts, early warning capacities and policies on crisis preparedness, by establishing channels of communication that enable relevant actors to respond strategically and swiftly. 50. National human rights institutions are particularly suited for the promotion of human rights. Some of them have an explicit mandate for also promoting intergroup relationships. The Special Rapporteur would like to encourage them, including their International 11 12 12 See A/HRC/4/21, paras. 40-42. See A/HRC/22/17/Add.4, annex.