A/HRC/4/9/Add.3 page 3 The independent expert is concerned by widespread perceptions, enhanced since the May 2005 elections and subsequent actions of the federal authorities, that a democratic deficit exists in Ethiopia that may lead to growing tensions and potential instability. Efforts are required on the part of the Government and at the state level to build confidence in democratic processes, ensure good governance, human rights, and fundamental freedoms. In this respect, credible guarantees that political parties can function freely, re-establishment of independent media freedoms and the release or fair trial of opposition members, academics, journalists and students currently detained, are essential measures that must be taken immediately.