E/CN.4/1999/15/Add.1 page 25 means of dealing with illegal immigration (in 1994, only 90 000 illegal persons were repatriated out of the 2 million alleged illegal persons living on South African territory). The measure is purely a short-term one which takes no account of regional economic disturbances, economic factors being the main cause of immigration into South Africa - a situation all the more emphasized by the fact that Cold War conflicts have been settled in this area of Africa, with a resulting drop in the numbers of refugees 15/. South Africa should broaden its definition of the term refugee to include those immigrants from the SADC who are fleeing from economic instability in their countries caused in part by the destabilisation policy conducted by the South African Government in the sub-region (Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Angola) during the 1970s and 1980s. In broader terms, it must promote the concept that, in the long term, regional integration which includes free circulation of people and the harmonisation of socio-economic policy among the SADC member states is the only viable strategy for resolving the problems of migration to and from those countries, and not the current thinking which consists in saying that neighbours must seek to develop within their own borders and stop the emigration to South Africa. 5. To entrust the task of formulating coherent immigration policy to a special department which would take responsibility for matters relating to citizenship, naturalisation and immigration itself, so as to avoid the repressive influence brought to bear by the Ministry of the Interior on immigration matters; 6. To ratify the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination and adopt a law against racism and racial discrimination in line with the pamphlet entitled Model National Legislation for the guidance of Governments in the Enactment of Further Legislation against Racial Discrimination(a United Nations publication, No. HR/PUB/96/2) which has been transmitted to the government. 7. To pursue integration in the armed forces through more balanced representation of the different ethnic and racial groups, and to strengthen the civic education initiated in the armed forces. 8. To extend the teaching of civic education to all stages of school, university and professional training. 9. To facilitate and encourage the revival of the civil society which played an active and decisive role in the struggle against apartheid, but which now sees itself as abandoned and discarded; 10. To make Africa, and African countries, civilisations and cultures, more widely known by means of television programmes, research and 15/ See in paragraph 53 the failure of the efforts to repatriate 120 000 Mozambican refugees.