A/HRC/4/19/Add.4 page 9 movements or groups aiming to incite racial discrimination or hatred is prohibited. Also prohibited are propaganda advocating racial or ethnic superiority or hatred, and instigation to commit or the commission of discriminatory or violent acts on racial, ethnic, national or religious grounds. The amendment introduced in February 2006 by the previous Government to the Mancino Law7 mitigated the punishments attached to the foregoing offences by reducing the initial maximum term of 3 years’ imprisonment to either a fine of 6,000 euros or 18 months’ imprisonment. The current Government has informed the Special Rapporteur, however, that a proposal to restore the more severe punishments is under examination. It has also removed the reservation introduced by the former Government that impeded the adoption of a European Union (EU) Council framework decision aiming at the introduction of criminal provisions common to all member States in relation to racist and xenophobic offences. 12. Different institutions and mechanisms dealing with the fight against racism and discrimination have been established: the Inter-Ministerial Committee on Human Rights (1978); the Anti-Discrimination and Anti-Semitism Committee (2004), tasked with monitoring regression with respect to forms of racism, intolerance, xenophobia and anti-Semitism; the Territorial Immigration Councils, tasked at the municipal level with analysing the challenges of integration and multiculturalism; and the Council for Italian Islam (2005) as an advisory body of the Minister of the Interior examining the problems of immigrant communities of the Islamic faith in particular. Especially relevant is the National Office for the Fight against Racial Discrimination (Ufficio Nazionale Antidiscriminazione Razziale, UNAR) (2004), which provides assistance to the victims of discrimination, including legal aid, launches prevention and awareness-raising campaigns, promotes positive actions, and monitors the implementation of the principle of equal treatment.8 During 2005, the Contact Centre of UNAR received more than 10,000 calls, 282 of which reported cases of direct or indirect discrimination or harassment on the grounds of ethnic or racial origin. Thirty per cent of these cases related to discrimination in the workplace, followed by complaints regarding housing, the police, public services and companies, schools and education, public transport, the mass media, health, public life and financial services. It was indicated that the prototype victim is an African man between 30 and 40 years old living in Italy for at least five years. As recognized by public officials, the number of cases of racial discrimination registered by UNAR does not fully represent the reality as illegal migrants are afraid to report their situation, including because they lack awareness about UNAR legal assistance to victims. 7 8 Ibid. UNAR was established by LD 215/2003. As defined in the UNAR 2005 report “One Year of Activities Against Racial Discrimination”, its aim is “to foster the process of racial integration within the social and demographic evolution of the country, which shows a growing number of immigrants”.