3 The permanence of this socio-racial structure and gender discrimination practices has undoubtedly fed systematic human rights violations against Afro-descendant women all over the region. It should be noted that as a direct result of still-highly Eurocentric and men-oriented education systems, these abuses begin at the family level. Sending only the men in the family to college, when this can be done, of course, is still a common regional cultural practice. People need to eradicate such behavior. Afro-descendant boys and girls, men and women, must have the same right to education without obstacles of any kind in practice. Moreover, as some studies have emphasized, Afro-Latinas, as the vast majority of women, play the most relevant role in strengthening the children’s education process. Afro-Latinas are largely excluded from loans and scholarships to pursue advanced studies. In Latin America, some private universities have sufficient financial resources to create affirmative-action programs or promote the education of Afro-descendant women, but most of these academic institutions are not interested in doing so, as they neither see racism as a structural problem nor as a grave human rights violation. Despite national, regional and international mechanisms that defend Afro-Latinas as a vulnerable group, Latin American new generations continue being “educated” under the influence of education systems that reproduce racial stereotypes against Afro-Latinas. There have been many cases of Afro-Latino girls who have been direct victims of gender and racial discrimination in their schools. Their own classmates and teachers insult them by using racist expressions, which frequently produce self-esteem problems. This racist ideology affecting the nations is also fostered by families. What makes the Afro-Latinas’ case more complex is precisely the fact that most people in the region do not see all those abuses as human rights issues. Distinct stereotypes against Afro-Latinas have easily been perpetuated, reinforcing their exclusion and lack of empowerment at all levels.

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