A/80/181 his engagement, attention and action continues to grow at an extraordinary pace, yet the declining resources allocated by Member States remain insufficient to meet the scale and urgency of the work required. He gratefully acknowledges the generous and unconditional support received from philanthropic organizations. Those contributions have been instrumental in enabling the establishment of an external team of human rights professionals to support his mandate. They have also made possible the aforementioned travel and direct engagement with Indigenous Peoples, which were often conducted in collaboration with host organizations. Nonetheless, no external support can be a substitute for a mandate that is fully funded and institutionally supported by OHCHR through the States Members of the United Nations. Only through such commitment can the full potential of the mandate be realized. 24. The Special Rapporteur therefore urges all Member States to provide robust and sustained support to the United Nations in general, in particular to OHCHR and the human rights mechanisms, especially those dedicated to the rights of Indigenous Peoples. The need to prioritize investment in human rights at the domestic and international levels has never been so urgent. III. Land rights of Indigenous Peoples in the global context A. Background 25. Rights to land, territories and resources (“rights to land” or “land rights”) 2 are fundamental to the self-determination, cultural preservation and very existence of Indigenous Peoples. 3 26. The nature, scope and weight of those rights are clearly established in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, International Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 169 (1989) concerning Indigenous and tribal peoples, regional human rights instruments, customary international law, national laws, regional and international jurisprudence and expert analysis by authoritative sources. 4 The present report is therefore aimed at supporting the effective implementation of those rights, as required in article 27 of the Declaration, which reads as follows: States shall establish and implement in conjunction with indigenous peoples concerned, a fair independent, impartial, open and transparent process, giving due recognition to indigenous peoples’ laws, traditions, customs and land tenure systems, to recognize and adjudicate the rights of indigenous peoples pertaining to their lands, territories and resources, including those which were traditionally owned or otherwise occupied or used. Indigenous peoples shall have the right to participate in this process. 27. As a thematic priority of his mandate, the Special Rapporteur aims to examine practices related to the identification, demarcation, registration and titling of Indigenous lands, territories and resources. The intention is to take stock, assess the challenges, gather lessons learned in promoting, protecting and guaranteeing those rights and encourage good practices. To this end, the Special Rapporteur issued a call __________________ 2 3 4 25-11701 These should be understood as including waters, maritime zones and sea areas traditionally used, occupied or otherwise possessed by Indigenous Peoples living in coastal, riverine or lake regions. See E/CN.4/Sub.2/2001/21. See A/59/258, A/71/229, A/74/149, A/77/238, A/78/162, A/79/160, A/HRC/24/41, A/HRC/33/42, A/HRC/36/46, A/HRC/45/38, A/HRC/54/31, A/HRC/57/25, E/CN.4/Sub.2/1986/7/Add.4 and E/CN.4/2002/97. See also State of the World’s Indigenous Peoples: Rights to Lands, Territories and Resources, vol. V (United Nations publication, 2021). 7/21