E/CN.4/1988/45
page 13
editions of the Koran have been issued; and theological books have been
published. The Catholic Diocese of Lithuania and Latvia, the Old Believers,
Lutherans, Seventh Day Adventists and other believers may all publish
information and works. The Russian Orthodox Church is implementing a
far-reaching publishing programme on the occasion of the forthcoming
celebration of the thousandth anniversary of Russia's conversion to
Christianity. At the request of the Muslims, a Russian translation of the
Koran appeared in 1987.
Religious works are also imported in the Soviet Union. Quite recently,
the Lutheran and Reformed Churches imported consignments of Bibles, some in
German and others in Hungarian. The National Council of Evangelical Baptists
imported 10,000 Bibles from abroad in 1987 and will receive 100,000 copies of
ecclesiastical works in 1988.
The registered religious associations, which are fully autonomous at the
national level, regularly organize theological seminars, conferences and other
events, occasionally in co-operation with similar associations in other
countries.
The religious communities have set up and operate 18 ecclesiastical
teaching institutions (with over 2,000 students), where any person over the
age of 18 who so wishes may receive religious instruction and where clergymen
are trained. In the Soviet Union, there are six Orthodox schools, two
Catholic schools and two Muslim secondary and higher teaching institutions, as
well as one Yeshiva, one academy of the Armenian Apostolic Church, one
seminary of the Georgian Orthodox Church and a course intended for Evangelical
Baptists. Some Soviet citizens are studying in religious schools abroad, such
as the University of Athens, the Greek Ecclesiastical Seminary, the Jordanian
State University, the Islamic University in Libya, the Baptist Seminary in the
German Democratic Republic and the Advanced School of Buddhism in Ulan Bator.
Students from over 20 countries in the world are studying in the
ecclesiastical schools of the Patriarchate of Moscow. Believers may, of
course, also receive Soviet secondary and advanced schooling. In addition to
their religious training, most clergymen in the Soviet Union have pursued and
completed their studies in State higher education establishments.
Under the legislation in force, religious associations have the
possibility of collecting voluntary donations from their members in order to
maintain church buildings and property, hire clergymen and meet the executive
bodies' needs. Such resources are also used for the maintenance of the
religious councils.
The social and economic system in the Soviet Union is such that religious
organizations do not have to organize charitable works because State bodies
and social organizations already perform this function.
Soviet religious councils maintain extensive relations with affiliated
organizations abroad and are active members of several international religious
bodies. Some 220 or 230 delegations of religious representatives travel
abroad each year, while nearly the same number of foreign delegations come to
the Soviet Union.
In accordance with the principle of the separation of Church and State
and of Church and schools, it is forbidden in the Soviet Union to offer