A/HRC/33/42/Add.1 (e) The organization of the first national conference on indigenous policies, aimed at encouraging the State to review and revise colonial-based attitudes and policies towards indigenous peoples, and the establishment of the National Commission on Indigenous Policies; (f) The engagement on the part of the Minister of Culture with indigenous peoples, based on the recognition of the symbiotic relationship between their cultures and their territorial rights, and the need for policies based on an understanding of their distinct ways of life and protection of their languages; (g) The establishment of a working group within the National Council on Human Rights to gather and disseminate information on the situation of indigenous peoples’ rights in the southern states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul; (h) Efforts to implement differentiated services for indigenous peoples in the areas of health and education, as recommended by the previous mandate holder in 2009,3 including acknowledgment of the need to improve the family allowance and other social programmes to avoid negative impacts on indigenous peoples’ ways of life and autonomy and to make such services more sensitive and responsive to the specific situations of indigenous peoples. 15. The Special Rapporteur also noted the good practices and proactive approaches on the part of indigenous peoples to pursue the realization of their rights. These include the development of consultation protocols incorporating the consultation and free, prior and informed consent procedures developed by the Wajãpi in Amapá and the Munduruku in Pará; self-demarcation of lands;4 the formation of alliances with the Quilombola and Ribeirinho communities to strengthen land and self-governance rights such as in Oriximiná in Pará; self-protection of territories, for example, through the use of indigenous forest guards set up by the Ka’apor in Maranhão; and partnerships with judicial bodies to strengthen indigenous conflict-resolution systems, such as that between the indigenous peoples of Roraima and the Federal Supreme Court, and to defend their rights, such as that between the Yanomami and the Public Prosecutor’s Office for their right to health. 16. These constitute steps by indigenous peoples towards self-management and selfregulation of their territories and self-determination and autonomy, as envisaged in ILO Convention No. 169, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and the Organization of American States draft American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. They should be fully supported by the Government. The Special Rapporteur also commends the active network of civil society organizations assisting indigenous peoples in the assertion of their rights and the establishment of the National Rapporteur on Human Rights and Indigenous Peoples. B. Violence, threats and killings 17. A matter of pressing concern is the number of documented and reported attacks on indigenous peoples. According to the Missionary Council for Indigenous Peoples, 92 indigenous persons were murdered in 2007; by 2014, that number had increased to 138, with Mato Grosso do Sul having the highest number of deaths. 5 Attacks and killings are 3 4 5 6 See A/HRC/12/34/Add.2. In October 2014, the Munduruku opted for self-demarcation of their land. See Conselho Indigenista Missionário, Report: Violence against Indigenous Peoples in Brazil–2014 data (Brasilia, 2015), p. 74.