E/CN.4/1998/6/Add.2
page 15
the levying of a church tax is concerned, the Mormons have decided not to seek
to join the system. They do not encounter any difficulties in the field of
religious education, since their children have freedom of choice, any more
than with the construction of places of worship and circulation of their
publications. They are also quite free to engage in door-to-door
proselytizing activities. The Mormon representatives said they did not suffer
any persecution. However, as a consequence of the present debate on sects and
psycho-groups, they say there is a climate of mistrust towards all religious
minorities. This situation is said to be the result, in particular, of the
intervention of the major Churches and of their staff responsible for sects,
who are regarded as specialists and act as an interest group in dealings with
the State in order to counter competition from other groups and communities by
labelling them all, without distinction, as sects or psycho-groups. This
climate is also, according to the Mormons, kept up by the media. In their
view, the most disturbing aspect is State intervention in the form of
pamphlets on the sects, also covering the Mormon community. They explained
that the information on them contained in the pamphlets was accurate, but that
their inclusion under the heading of “sect” constituted defamation. The
Mormons consider this to be an abuse of the State's neutrality. Concerning
the Bundestag Study Commission, they said that they had no problem with its
members, but felt the effects of the existence of such a commission because it
led to confusion about minorities, sects and psycho-groups.
64.
The Jehovah's Witnesses, as stated in part I. C, are regarded as a
religious community, but have been denied the status of a legal person in
public law by the German courts. Admittedly, this refusal does not mean,
according to the authorities, that they are not recognized as a religious
community. However, according to the Jehovah's Witnesses, in the lower
echelons of the administration and in the media, this court decision is used
in order to portray them as a sect. The Jehovah's Witnesses also state that
they are victims of a climate of intolerance created by the discussions on
sects going on in the Bundestag Study Commission and by the activities of the
major Churches' advisory bureaux on sects. Official information pamphlets on
sects refer the reader to these advisory bureaux. According to the Jehovah's
Witnesses, the State is thereby in a sense abandoning its neutrality, insofar
as it is favouring the dominant Churches in the competition between religions.
Furthermore, according to the Amtsblatt des Hessischen Kulturministeriums
No. 8/97 of 15 August 1997, “documentation, information and other publicity
material from presumed sects and psycho-groups, generally sent free to schools
and other educational institutions, must not be passed on by the school ... to
teachers or to schoolchildren or their parents, nor must it be placed in
school libraries or teachers' libraries”. However, according to the
Jehovah's Witnesses, video recordings of tendentious television broadcasts are
shown in schools and the “dangerous aspect” of their community is emphasized
in discussions with pupils.
65.
This atmosphere of distrust, and even latent intolerance, because of the
factors mentioned above, is also said to affect the Baha'i community.
66.
The Unification Church says that it suffers from discrimination. The
German Government refused the founder of the Unification Church, the
Reverend Sun M. Moon, and his wife Hak J. H. Moon entry into its territory
in November 1995 on the grounds that they constituted, according to