A/70/321 wishes to reiterate that these remain valid and current. They are presented again below. Legislative measures 76. The Special Rapporteur welcomes the information provided regarding the ratification of a range of instruments, including the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, and the inclusion of the Convention in national legal and constitutional frameworks. He urges those States that have not yet done so to ratify the Convention and make the declaration under its article 14, thus providing competence to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination to receive and consider communications from individuals or groups of individuals within its jurisdiction claiming to be victims of a violation by a State party of any of the rights set forth in the Convention (A/69/334, para. 77). 77. The Special Rapporteur is pleased to note that some countries have adopted legislation specifically to tackle the challenges posed by extremist political parties, movements and groups and have elaborated legal or constitutional provisions to prohibit organizations and associations that incite national, racial or religious hatred and violence and propagate fascist ideology (ibid., para. 78). 78. The Special Rapporteur encourages States to adopt the legislation necessary to combat racism, while ensuring that the definition of racial discrimination complies with article 1 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. He calls for the updating of national anti-racism legislation in the light of the increasingly open expression of hate speech and incitement to violence against vulnerable groups. In this regard, he recalls that any legislative or constitutional measures adopted with a view to countering extremist political parties, movements and groups, including neo-Nazis and skinhead groups and similar extremist ideological movements, should be in conformity with the relevant international human rights standards. He also urges States to implement their obligations under article 4 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination and articles 19 to 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ibid., para. 80). 79. The Special Rapporteur notes with appreciation that several States have prescribed in their criminal codes that racist and xenophobic motivation constitute an aggravating circumstance attracting heavier sanctions against not only instigators but also followers (ibid., para. 81). While welcoming the information provided regarding measures taken to prevent discrimination against members of minorities, people of African descent, Roma, migrants, refugees and asylum seekers and to ensure their integration into society, the Special Rapporteur wishes to urge States to ensure the full and effective implementation of legal, policy and institutional measures protecting these groups of individuals (ibid., para. 82). 80. The Special Rapporteur recommends that States effectively guarantee to these groups, without discrimination of any kind, the right to security and access to justice, adequate reparation, legal aid and appropriate information about their rights, as well as the prosecution and adequate sanction of those 15-13793 17/21