A/HRC/26/49 initiative, where the use of Internet in the classroom and curriculum is encouraged for an inclusive and tolerant curriculum, and makes recommendations for the development of new practices, particularly for youth with different cultural backgrounds and perspectives. 30. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has also addressed the issue of cybercrime, including specific computer-related acts involving racism and xenophobia, by various means, such as providing technical assistance and training to States to improve national legislation and building the capacity of national authorities to prevent, detect, investigate and prosecute such crimes in all their forms. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also been involved in the issue of cybersecurity and efforts to combat cybercrime since the World Summit on the Information Society and the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference, held in Guadalajara, Mexico, in 2010. ITU has also initiated the Global Cybersecurity Agenda, a framework for international cooperation aimed at enhancing global public confidence and security in the information society. ITU provides Member States with support through specific initiatives and activities related to legal, technical and procedural measures, organizational structures, and capacitybuilding and international cooperation on cybersecurity. 2. Regional frameworks and initiatives 31. At the regional level, the Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime and the Additional Protocol thereto constitute a legally binding framework with the widest reach. The Convention, which entered into force on 1 July 2004, is the first international treaty on crimes committed via the Internet and other computer networks dealing particularly with infringements of copyright, computer-related fraud, child pornography and violations of network security. The Additional Protocol, which concerns the criminalization of acts of a racist and xenophobic nature committed through computer systems and entered into force on 1 March 2006, makes the publication of racist and xenophobic propaganda via computer networks a criminal offence. The Additional Protocol also specifies that States parties are to adopt legislative and other measures that make a number of actions criminal offenses, including distributing or otherwise making available racist and xenophobic material; racist and xenophobic-motivated threats; racist and xenophobic-motivated insults; the denial, gross minimization, approval or justification of genocide or crimes against humanity; and aiding and abetting any of these actions. 32. The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance adopted General Policy Recommendation No. 6 in 2000, which focuses on combating the dissemination of racist, xenophobic, and anti-Semitic material on the Internet. The Commission also outlined a set of recommendations for Council of Europe Member States, one of which was the passing of a protocol to address racism and xenophobia on the Internet, which led to the abovementioned Additional Protocol. The Commission has also published reports on reconciling freedom of expression with combating racism and on addressing racist content on the Internet. 33. The Council of Europe sponsored two initiatives against racism and hate on the Internet. The No Hate Speech Movement, a campaign focused on youth, was launched in 2012 to map hate speech online, to raise awareness about the risks that hate speech pose to democracy, to reduce acceptance of hate speech online and to advocate development and consensus on European policy instruments combating hate speech. This initiative also led to the creation of Hate Speech Watch, an online platform designed to monitor online hate speech content and to facilitate coordinated action against it. The Council of Europe has also initiated Young People Combating Hate Speech Online, an initiative with the aim of equipping young people and youth organizations with competences and tools to recognize and take positive action against discrimination and hate speech. 9