A/HRC/49/81 27. All States, international organizations, NGOs, civil society, media and social media companies should confront, dismantle and replace hateful narratives and hate speech about minorities by: (a) Holding those who spread hate speech against minorities accountable and developing a robust policy of countering hate speech against minority groups, as well as regulations on the functioning of the social media platforms; (b) Retraining from othering and promoting a narrative which can enhance solidarity and understanding within a society. This may also include increasing the engagement of minority journalists with the major media outlets; (c) Encouraging a balanced and in-depth coverage of conflicts and minority issues in the media, which would also include developing professional standards for media outlets on reporting on conflicts involving minorities; (d) Ensuring freedom of the media and the safety of journalists, particularly in relation to reporting on violations of minority rights and on conflicts involving minorities; (e) Launching campaigns aimed at raising awareness of minority issues and engaging those with influence over communities, such as political, religious and community leaders and civil society actors in advocating for peaceful coexistence. 28. States should cease the practice of withdrawal of citizenship, particularly from minorities, as this practice may also lead to statelessness, which is a violation of human rights law. States should return citizenship to persons belonging to minorities who were stripped of their citizenship without due process or in violation of other internationally recognized human rights. 29. States must intensify their commitment to “leave no one behind” and take steps to eliminate multiple, aggravated and intersecting forms of discrimination in social, economic, and public life, and promote the socioeconomic development and political participation of minority groups, including minority representatives with disabilities and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons from minority groups. 30. States should enhance implementation of Human Rights Council resolution 16/18 on combating intolerance, negative stereotyping and stigmatization of, and discrimination, incitement to violence and violence against, persons based on religion or belief. 31. States should ensure that economic development projects are sustainable, inclusive and equitable in respect to minority groups and that economic strategies in place exclude and prevent all forms of exclusion and discrimination, as suggested in the report of the Special Rapporteur on minority issues to the General Assembly in 2021.1 32. National human rights institutions, regional and international organizations and civil society organizations should document and report, including to the relevant United Nations human rights mechanisms, the abusive practices of bringing multiple charges, including antisecurity laws, against dissenters and disproportionately targeting minorities, which may lead to conflicts. 33. The Special Rapporteur on minority issues is encouraged to conduct a joint study with the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism on the targeting of minorities as part of counterterrorism measures and how this contributes to conflicts. IV. Recommendations to design and implement legal and institutional frameworks ensuring conflict prevention through the protection of the human rights of minorities 34. All States should acknowledge that an inclusive, cohesive and peaceful society cannot operate without having an adequate system in place to protect minorities; States must 1 A/76/162. 5