A/68/329 groups or individuals, remain of particular concern. The Special Rapporteur therefore recommends that States effectively guarantee to these groups, without discrimination of any kind, the right to security and access to justice, adequate reparation, legal aid and appropriate information about their rights, as well as the prosecution and adequate sanction of those responsible for racist crimes against them. In this respect, the Special Rapporteur wishes also to recall paragraph 88 of the Durban Declaration, which recognizes that the media should represent the diversity of a multicultural society and play a role in fighting racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance. 144. The Special Rapporteur remains deeply concerned about the confirmation of tendencies to scapegoat vulnerable groups, including migrants, asylum seekers and ethnic minorities, especially Roma. Scapegoating remains a powerful tool for politicians whose only goal is to mobilize the masses to the detriment of social cohesion and human rights. The continued blunt, uncensored and unpunished expressions of supremacist, anti-Semitic and hateful opinions by political leaders may be an indicator that societies are growing dangerously and increasingly tolerant of hate speech and extremist ideas. The Special Rapporteur wishes, once more, to stress that political leaders and parties have the responsibility to strongly and clearly condemn all messages that disseminate ideas based on racial superiority or hatred, incitement to racial discrimination or xenophobia. Political leaders have the moral duty to promote tolerance and respect and they should refrain from forming coalitions with extremist political parties of a racist or xenophobic character. 145. The Special Rapporteur note with interest and appreciation the institutional measures taken by States to tackle extremist, neo-Nazi and skinhead groups, including through the establishment of national institutions with a general human rights mandate or a specific mandate to combat racial discrimination and the competence to receive and consider complaints from individuals. Sufficient human and financial resources should be provided to these institutions, while fully respecting their independence in line with the principles relating to the status of national human rights institutions (General Assembly resolution 48/134). The Special Rapporteur calls upon States that have yet to establish such institutions to remedy this situation. 146. The Special Rapporteur takes note of efforts made to document racially motivated crimes, especially the conduct of specialized studies and the assessment of existing programmes. These efforts remain marginal and localized, however. He reiterates the recommendation made in his report to the Human Rights Council (A/HRC23/24, para. 33) on the collection of data and statistics. Disaggregated data are needed to understand the scope and nature of racism, xenophobia and all related intolerance within society. Such data are also valuable in designing and implementing effective policies to prevent and combat this scourge. 147. A number of positive initiatives have been identified in the replies of States, including awareness-raising activities to foster tolerance, respect for cultural diversity and mutual understanding. The Special Rapporteur is of the view that the organization of cultural events, research work, festivals, conferences, seminars, exhibitions and information campaigns are positive 13-43012 23/25