A/HRC/40/64/Add.2
collect and analyse data disaggregated by ethnicity, religion and language while being
sensitive to and respecting privacy concerns.
H.
Deaf minority and sign language
64.
The revised education policy of 1994 introduced the use of sign language. There are
currently two primary schools, two junior high schools and one senior high school that use
sign language as a medium of instruction. According to the information received, courts in
Botswana offer sign language interpretation and such a service is also facilitated by the
Botswana Association of the Deaf and the Botswana Society for the Deaf. The police force
includes in its training programmes courses on sign language.
65.
However, many challenges remain. While in 2007 the ministry of education
launched a project to prepare a sign language dictionary, the dictionary is reportedly not
adapted to the needs of the persons with hearing impairments in Botswana. One of the
reasons may have been the absence of wide consultations with the community itself. It was
brought to the attention of the Special Rapporteur that there was a serious lack of qualified
and professional sign language interpreters, with some of them introducing personal views
or lacking accuracy during interpretation. It was reported to him that the Botswana
Qualifications Authority often proceeded with the accreditation of such interpreters without
consulting organizations working with the deaf community.
66.
The Special Rapporteur was told that most of the teachers in schools are not trained
in sign language or in teaching methods adapted to the educational needs of deaf persons.
Some stakeholders indicated that the Government response to the issue of hiring assistant
teachers with training in sign language seems to be insufficient, as these assistant teachers
do not always receive training in pedagogical methods. Furthermore, school examinations
are in writing. This poses a significant challenge to deaf persons as they often possess
writing skills different from those of hearing persons and therefore run the risk of receiving
lower grades or being disqualified if examiners strictly evaluate syntax or grammatical
errors and do not give enough weight to the content of the paper examined.
67.
The Special Rapporteur was also informed of problems in the early identification of
some persons as having hearing impairments, as they could speak. In such cases, they were
often only identified as persons with a hearing impairment at a late stage, which had a
significant impact on their school performance due to their initial enrolment in schools that
did not provide them with an appropriate learning environment.
68.
There is also an absence of interpreters in the health-care sector and of outreach and
health education programmes in sign language, which negatively affects the effective
dissemination of information with regard to health prevention, particularly for a country
with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS.
69. Among some of the other concerns expressed during the Special Rapporteur’s visit
were the absence of awareness-raising programmes for parents, medical personnel, law
enforcement officials, teachers, school staff, judges and lawyers regarding issues facing
deaf persons; that sign language was not used during important local level decisionmaking processes, such as the sessions of kgotla; and the absence of sign language
interpretation for television programmes. Out of 24 hours of programming, it was reported
that only 30 minutes were dedicated to programmes with sign language interpretation on
national television. That meant that key television information programmes for deaf
persons, in particular those living in rural and remote areas, such as agricultural
programmes and awareness programmes on HIV/AIDS, did not include sign language
interpretation. During meetings with officials of the ministry of health, it was
acknowledged that further efforts to introduce sign language in the health sector were
needed.
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