CRC/C/VNM/CO/3-4
attendance rate and reduce the school dropout rate with a view to avoiding child
labour;
(c)
Take necessary measures to harmonize national laws and regulations
with ILO Convention No. 138 (1973) concerning Minimum Age for Admission to
Employment by, inter alia, amending Circular No. 21/1999/TT-BLDTBXH and
providing that children are allowed to be employed in “light work” only from the age
of 13 years, and strengthen the enforcement of labour laws to protect children and to
ensure prosecution of those who make use of forced labour of children, and provide
reparation and sanctions;
(d)
Improve labour inspections to ensure that these comprehensively
monitor all aspects of the work environment, including the use of forced child labour
in drug detention centres and child labour in the informal sector;
(e)
Take effective measures, including through the legal revision of Decree
No. 135 of 2004, to prevent and end the practice of forced child labour in drug
detention centres, in line with ILO Convention No. 182 (1999) concerning the
Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child
Labour;
(f)
Seek technical assistance from the ILO International Programme on the
Elimination of Child Labour in this regard.
Sexual exploitation and trafficking
71.
The Committee welcomes the various legislation and administrative measures taken
with a view to combating child commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking. However, it
remains concerned about the rise in child prostitution; the rise in the number of cases of
child trafficking including, inter alia, for prostitution purposes; and the increasing number
of children involved in commercial sexual activity, mainly due to poverty-related reasons.
The Committee is further concerned that children who are sexually exploited are likely to
be treated as criminals by the police; that there is a lack of specific child-friendly reporting
procedures; and that some provisions in the Penal Code (including articles 254 to 256
relating to child prostitution) refer to children as those below the age of 16 only.
72.
The Committee strongly recommends that the State party:
(a)
Increase efforts to combat child prostitution and trafficking, including
by adequately implementing the 2011-2015 Plan of Action against Prostitution, and
the 2011-2015 Plan of Action against Human Trafficking;
(b)
Develop and implement a strategy for the prevention of child sexual
exploitation and abuse, focusing on vulnerable groups of children, including street
children and children of poor or near-poor families;
(c)
Amend and disseminate administrative and criminal laws to ensure that
child sex workers are treated as victims and not as criminals; develop child-friendly
reporting procedures and ensure that child victims are aware of these procedures and
can access them; and develop rehabilitation and reintegration programmes for child
victims of sexual exploitation and trafficking, as well as confidential counselling
services;
(d)
Fully harmonize national legislation with the Optional Protocol on the
sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography in order to explicitly
criminalize all acts listed in article 3 of the Optional Protocol when committed against
all persons below 18, in line with the Committee’s previous recommendation
(CRC/C/OPSC/VNM/CO/1, para 11 (a));
19