A/HRC/4/21 page 8 However, she notes with concern the failure of the Governments of Cuba, Ethiopia, India, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Mauritania, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Serbia and Montenegro1 and Yemen to respond to her requests for an invitation. The Special Rapporteur encourages these Governments to extend her an invitation without delay and reiterates that a formal invitation should be followed by proposals for the dates of the visit; otherwise, the invitation, whether standing or ad hoc, tends to lose its significance. C. Thematic studies and international meetings 19. The third pillar of the Special Rapporteur’s activities consists in drafting thematic studies as well as participating in conferences and international meetings. Her predecessor, Abdelfattah Amor, had already drafted several thematic studies, thus complementing the traditional reports to the Commission on Human Rights and to the General Assembly with scholarly activities of the mandate. Two of these thematic studies were destined for the preparatory committee of the 2001 World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance in Durban; a further study dealt with freedom of religion or belief and the status of women from the viewpoint of religion and traditions. 20. Further to Human Rights Council decision 1/107, the Special Rapporteur prepared a report on “Incitement to racial and religious hatred and the promotion of tolerance” for the second session of the Human Rights Council in September 2006 together with Doudou Diène, the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance (A/HRC/2/3). In their joint report, the Special Rapporteurs recommend that the Human Rights Council call upon Governments of Member States to express and demonstrate a firm political will and commitment to combating the rise of racial and religious intolerance. While the right to freedom of religion or belief as such does not include the right to have a religion or belief that is free from criticism or from all adverse comment, the right to freedom of expression can legitimately be restricted for advocacy that incites to acts of violence or discrimination against individuals on the basis of their religion. Freedom of religion or belief and freedom of expression are interdependent and interrelated. Balancing the various aspects of human rights is an extremely delicate exercise which requires impartial implementation by independent and non-arbitrary bodies. In the joint report the Special Rapporteurs encouraged the Human Rights Committee to consider the possibility of adopting complimentary standards on the interrelations between freedom of expression, freedom of religion and non-discrimination, in particular by drafting a new general comment on article 20 of the Covenant. 21. The Special Rapporteur participated in a number of conferences and international meetings whose topic areas were directly linked with her mandate. On 15 February 2006, the Government of the Netherlands and Helsinki España co-organized a conference on “Challenges to Tolerance in a Multicultural Society” in Madrid. On 2 and 3 May 2006, the Special Rapporteur participated in a conference entitled “Challenging stereotypes in Europe and the Islamic World: working together for constructive policies and partnerships” at Wilton Park, United Kingdom, which was jointly organized with the Organization of the Islamic Conference. Furthermore, the Special Rapporteur participated in the inauguration of the Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities in Oslo on 24 August 2006. Finally, the Special Rapporteur endorsed the international commemorative conference of the adoption of the 1981 Declaration