E/CN.4/1992/52 page 74 association known as 'Justice and Charity1 and was condemned by the Court of First Instance at Salé to two years' imprisonment and a fine of 10,000 dirhams. This sentence was confirmed on appeal in 1990. Mr. Suleimani is said to be held at Salé prison." 59. On 16 July 1991, the Government of Morocco sent the following reply to the Special Rapporteur's communication: "In Morocco, freedom of thought, conscience and religion is guaranteed by the Moroccan Constitution of 1972, which clearly states in article 6 that 'Islam is the religion of the State which shall guarantee the free exercise of religion to all 1 . Paragraph 3 of the same article indicates how it is to be understood so as to guard against any misinterpretation, stating that the freedom to profess one's religion or beliefs must not be incompatible with the need for protection, security, order and public health, morality or the fundamental freedoms and rights of others. It thus follows that by virtue of its Constitution, which is its supreme text, Morocco is an Islamic State, and consequently that it is impossible that Mr. Suleimani should have been arrested for his religious opinions, given that he too is a Muslim. On the other hand, in Morocco, as in all other countries, the establishment of associations and their activities are governed by law (dahir of 15 November 1958 regulating the right of association). The association mentioned by Mr. Suleimani has not been recognized, and hence, its existence not having been authorized, any activity undertaken under its auspices is liable to give rise to legal proceedings, particularly when such activities affect security, law and order, or the fundamental freedoms and rights of others. The international texts on human rights, and in particular the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, contain quite specific provisions on this point. We may cite paragraph 3 of article 18 of the Covenant." Pakistan 60. In a communication of 15 June 1990 addressed to the Government of Pakistan (E/CN.4/1991/56, para. 8 0 ) , the following information was transmitted by the Special Rapporteur: "Further information has been received alleging acts of persecution against Ahmadis. It has again been asserted that Ordinance XX of 1984 prohibits Ahmadis from freely practising their faith, that they are not allowed to meet freely and for the past six years have not been authorized to hold their annual convention. It has also been reported that attacks against the Ahmadi community, including killings and destruction of villages, go unpunished. The Ahmadi daily newspaper has reportedly been banned during the past four years and its editor, publisher and printer have been indicted. According to the allegations received, Ahmadi books and publications have also been banned and confiscated.