A/HRC/10/11/Add.2 page 25 91. The Government should take steps to respond convincingly to perceptions that the Afro-Guyanese community as a whole has been targeted during actions by the joint services resulting in arbitrary detention without trial, torture, deaths and mistreatment in custody, and other extrajudicial killings. Numerous specific cases brought to the attention of the independent expert reveal issues with respect to thorough and transparent conduct of investigations, due process and the rule of law. Urgent independent review of Guyana’s security and law enforcement services and justice system is required. 92. The Government and both political parties should take full responsibility to ensure that decisions taken to resolve conflicts are fully implemented. In February and March 2008, the National Stakeholder Forum was convened and brought together all the parliamentary parties and a broad cross-section of civil society organizations. To date, this process and the positive consultation and dialogue that it established, has not materialized into concrete, institutionalized forms of cooperation and conflict resolution. The independent expert recommends that the following decisions of the national stakeholder process be implemented as a matter of urgency: • Establish as a matter of urgency a new Parliamentary Standing Committee on National Security with ministerial representation26 • Expedite the appointment of those constitutional commissions which are key features of the governance framework and still have not been established. Guarantee that those who are appointed as commissioners have credibility with all communities • Convene and activate the Parliamentary Constitutional Reform Committee to address issues presently before it and to examine further areas for constitutional reform • Ensure the meaningful and effective participation of civil society in these parliamentary processes • Explore an agreed mechanism for the continuation of the National Stakeholders’ Forum 93. An open and constructive dialogue on inclusive governance, as envisaged in the 6 May 2003 communiqué and the follow-up agreement of 18 June, remains an essential component of a new political climate of cooperation. The Government should demonstrate leadership by meeting the preconditions set in those agreements and initiating such a dialogue with all stakeholders at the earliest opportunity. Included in the agenda should be models used in other countries with deeply divided ethnic communities to encourage the formation of multi-ethnic political parties. 26 In a memorandum to the independent expert, the Government advises that the National Assembly approved the constitutional amendment required on 29 January 2009 with the Government and two of the three opposition parties (the AFC and GAP).