• Are the human rights of children ensured by national laws and in practice, including their access to education and health care, freedom from exploitation and child labour? Are there effective enforcement mechanisms and do they take the situation and needs of children belonging to minorities into account? 10. Promotion and protection of the rights of displaced minorities • Are there minority groups within the internally displaced or refugee population? • What are the causes of their displacement? Are these linked to their minority status? • If displaced outside their country of origin, have they been given access to refugee status determination procedures? How have their claims for refugee status been assessed? 11. Promotion and protection of the rights of stateless minority populations and individuals • Have stateless minority populations and stateless individuals been identified? • Are the births of children belonging to minorities registered so as to document where they were born and who their parents are? Would birth registration programmes reduce statelessness? • Is information available on nationality procedures in a form that is accessible and understandable to members of minorities? • Are there mechanisms to reduce statelessness, such as facilitated naturalization based on lawful, habitual residence on the territory and acquisition of nationality at birth by children who would otherwise be stateless? • Do stateless minority populations habitually resident in the territory enjoy the full range of civil, economic, social and cultural rights guaranteed to non-citizens under international law? D. Awareness-raising and public information As a basic tool for empowerment, targeted awareness-raising activities could make a difference in the promotion and protection of the rights of minorities. A wide variety of innovative approaches can draw public attention to their situation. 33