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(c) States and other stakeholders should develop effective strategies to
eliminate negative stereotypes, including gender-related stereotypes as well as
stereotypical depictions of persons based on their religion or belief. This
requires a holistic human rights approach in order to avoid measures employed
to combat stereotypes in one area inadvertently producing or reinforcing
negative stereotypes in another area;
(d) Policies designed to empower individuals exposed to gender-related
discrimination cannot claim credibility unless they pay careful attention to the
self-understandings, interests and assessments voiced by the concerned persons
themselves, including women from religious minorities. This principle should
always be observed, in particular before setting legislative or jurisdictional
limits to a right to freedom, for example the right to wear religious garments;
(e) Legislative or jurisdictional restrictions on freedom of religion or
belief deemed necessary for eradicating harmful practices and for promoting
equality between men and women must be undertaken with the appropriate
degree of empirical and normative diligence and must meet all criteria laid
down in article 18, paragraph 3, of the International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights;
(f) States and other stakeholders should reinforce educational efforts in
order to promote respect for diversity, including diversity in the areas of gender
and religion or belief. In the process of designing and implementing educational
programmes, concerned persons should be consulted and should have a chance
to take an active role;
(g) Educational programmes to promote respect for diversity should
become part of the regular school curriculum. In this regard, special attention
should be given to the possible vulnerability of students, in particular children
from religious minorities. In addition, the liberty of parents and legal guardians
to educate a child in conformity with their own moral or religious convictions
must be respected, while they also have to provide appropriate direction and
guidance in a manner consistent with the evolving capacities of the child;
(h) Outreach programmes towards certain religious communities and
the employment of mediators can help to build trust between the school and
religious communities, which
may be
important for dispelling
misunderstandings and prevent conflicts around issues of gender equality and
ethical norms based on religious or other convictions. Fears expressed by
students or parents, even if seemingly based on misunderstandings, should be
taken seriously and deserve respectful responses;
(i) States should identify and close human rights protection gaps in
personal status laws, including denominational family laws, which
disproportionately affect women from religious or belief minorities. The
purpose must be to create family law systems that fully respect equality
between men and women while at the same time do justice to the broad reality
of religious or belief diversity, including persuasions that go beyond the realm
of traditionally recognized religions;
(j) States should provide an open framework in which existing and
emerging religious pluralism can unfold freely and without discrimination.
Ensuring free expression of pluralism may also improve the opportunities for
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