A/HRC/23/56/Add.1 period that preceded the enactment of Law No. 045 in October 2010. While only 22 complaints on racism and discrimination were handled during the two years prior to the enactment of Law No. 045, between the entry into force of the Law and 30 November 2012, the General Directorate for Combating Racism received a total of 323 complaints. Complaints relating to racism mainly covered cases of discrimination on the basis of national or ethnic origin, skin colour, clothing and the language of the victim. 4 29. According to the Government, a considerable proportion of complaints on racism and discrimination concern incidents in public institutions: 24.35 per cent in education and health institutions; 17.3 per cent in executive organs; 10.89 per cent in municipal governments; 6.41 per cent in social organizations; and 4.4 per cent in the police. 4 The Special Rapporteur notes that human rights training for public servants in the executive and judicial branches would be vital to enhance the implementation of relevant laws and policies, as well as to instil the culture of non-discrimination and tolerance. The Government pointed out that it encouraged the adoption of internal rules and procedures against racism and racial discrimination in all of its ministries and organs. 30. It was stressed during the meetings with State and non-State actors that regional, departmental and local governors and city mayors should also be a part of the fight against racism and racial discrimination by facilitating compliance with Law No. 045 by all relevant authorities and the implementation of the plan of action. B. Situation of indigenous peoples 1. Structural discrimination 31. The Special Rapporteur recognizes that progress has been made in recent years in the fight against racism and discrimination against indigenous peoples and ensuring their inclusion and integration. Still, native indigenous campesino peoples and communities continue to suffer from structural inequality and discrimination in access to employment, education and health care. Persistent socioeconomic marginalization, poverty and the exclusion of native indigenous campesino peoples require more vigorous action from the Government. 32. Many interlocutors stressed that racial prejudice and negative stereotyping against native indigenous campesino peoples and communities remained deeply rooted in various parts of society. The Special Rapporteur was particularly alarmed to hear from several interlocutors that racism and racial discrimination against indigenous peoples was still present even within public institutions. 33. The Special Rapporteur was informed that important legal provisions had been introduced to eliminate racism and racial discrimination within the police. Article 6 of Law No. 045 provides for the police to introduce a curriculum on prevention of racism, and Law No. 101 of 2011 on disciplinary rules for the Bolivian police establishes a disciplinary regime , and identifies relevant forms of misconduct and punishment, including for acts of racism by police officers, that range from a fine or suspension to dismissal. The Special Rapporteur was informed that the Police Authority had issued instructions to all its units to ensure compliance with Law No. 045. Moreover, a special unit has been set up to receive cases of racist crimes. Since 2009, new rules of admission to the police academy have been introduced to facilitate the inclusion of people of all races and ethnic or national origins. 4 8 See www.noracismo.gob.bo/index.php/reporte-de-denuncia-de-racismo-y-discriminacion-de-eneroal-31-de-diciembre-2012.